Purpose: To quantitate the effect of intravenous hypertonic saline (IVHTS) injection on elevated intraocular pressure (IOP).
Methods: Nineteen patients (median age, 65 years; range, 41-84 years) with glaucoma and an IOP 30 mmHg or higher were recruited. A bolus of IVHTS (sodium chloride concentration 23.4%) was injected in an antecubital vein over 10-20 seconds. The IOP and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) were measured frequently for 2 hr. The dosage was 0.5 mmol/kg sodium in 11 patients (Group 1) and 1.0 mmol/kg in eight patients (Group 2).
Results: In both groups, a median absolute IOP reduction of 7 mmHg was achieved in 5 min. The maximum median reduction was 7 mmHg (range, 4-16) and 9 mmHg (range, 3-14) at 5 and 16 min after IVHTS in Group 1 and 2, respectively, at which point the median IOP had reduced from 38 and 35 mmHg to 31 and 27 mmHg (p < 0.001), respectively. In both groups, the IOP remained 7 mmHg reduced 2 hr after IVHTS. Systolic BP increased a median of 14.5 mmHg at 3 min and was comparable with baseline after 6 min.
Conclusion: Intravenous hypertonic saline solution reduces IOP moderately within minutes for up to 2 hr.
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BMJ Case Rep
December 2024
Internal Medicine, Hirslanden Klinik Sankt Anna, Luzern, Switzerland
A patient with reactivated varicella zoster virus (VZV) manifesting in the left-sided dermatome L3 and S2-S4 developed tonic spasms which morphed into myoclonic jerks, paresis, rigidity and hypoesthesia of the left leg. Later, stimuli-sensitive myoclonus progressed to affect the upper body and was accompanied by fever surges with high-frequency myoclonus, hypertensive derailment, dysphagia and other features of the brainstem with autonomic dysfunction. Cerebrospinal fluid tested positive for VZV, MRI showed no signs of myelitis and EEG was negative for epilepsy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Cardiol
November 2024
Department of Medicine, Ibn e Seena Hospital, Kabul, Afghanistan.
Background: This prospective, randomized trial aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of different intravenous diuretic regimens in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) patients.
Methods: ADHF patients were enrolled and randomized into three groups: continuous intravenous furosemide infusion (cIV), bolus furosemide injection (bI), and furosemide plus hypertonic saline solution (HSS). Clinical outcomes were assessed over 48 h.
Eur J Pediatr
November 2024
Department of Paediatrics, St Hedwig of Silesia Hospital, Prusicka 53/55, 55-100, Trzebnica, Poland.
Unlabelled: Bronchiolitis is one of the main reasons for the hospitalization of young children. Based on updated recommendations, only supportive therapy is recommended for treatment. In Poland, many children that are hospitalized with bronchiolitis undergo a treatment that is not supported by current research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pers Med
October 2024
Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Larissa, 41110 Larissa, Greece.
A dominant event determining the course of heart failure (HF) includes the disruption of the delicate sodium (Na) and water balance leading to (Na) and water retention and edema formation. Although incomplete decongestion adversely affects outcomes, it is unknown whether interventions directly targeting (Na), such as strict dietary (Na) restriction, intravenous hypertonic saline, and diuretics, reverse this effect. As a result, it is imperative to implement (Na)-targeting interventions in selected HF patients with established congestion on top of quadruple therapy with angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, β-adrenergic receptor blocker, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, and sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, which dramatically improves outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWilderness Environ Med
December 2024
University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
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