Experiments on rats showed that local injection of GABA (10(-4) M) into the rostral and caudal compartments of the ventral respiratory groups decreased the respiratory rhythm, but increased lung ventilation (especially injection into the rostral part). Penicillin (10(-7) M) injected into the rostral division increased the tidal volume and practically did not change the respiratory rate, but its injection into the caudal part reduced the tidal volume and increased respiratory rate. These results indicate that GABAergic mechanisms including GABA(A) sites play an ambiguous role in the regulation of respiration at the level of the rostral and caudal parts of the ventral respiratory group.
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