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SUMOylation in control of accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis. | LitMetric

SUMOylation in control of accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis.

Curr Protein Pept Sci

Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.

Published: August 2012

AI Article Synopsis

  • SUMOylation, a type of posttranslational protein modification, plays a crucial role in regulating chromosome segregation during mitosis by modifying proteins at the centromeres and kinetochores.
  • Kinetochores, which are structures formed on centromeres, are essential for attaching spindle microtubules that separate sister chromatids into daughter cells.
  • Recent studies highlight that both the addition and removal of SUMO modifications are vital for proper assembly and disassembly of kinetochores, ultimately ensuring accurate chromosome segregation.

Article Abstract

Posttranslational protein modification by small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) has emerged as an important regulatory mechanism for chromosome segregation during mitosis. This review focuses on how SUMOylation regulates the centromere and kinetochore activities to achieve accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis. Kinetochores are assembled on the specialized chromatin domains called centromeres and serve as the sites for attaching spindle microtubule to segregate sister chromatids to daughter cells. Many proteins associated with mitotic centromeres and kinetochores have been recently found to be modified by SUMO. Although we are still at the early stage of elucidating how SUMOylation controls chromosome segregation during mitosis, a substantial progress has been achieved over the past decade. Furthermore, a major theme that has emerged from the recent studies of SUMOylation in mitosis is that both SUMO conjugation and deconjugation are critical for kinetochore assembly and disassembly. Lastly, we propose a model that SUMOylation coordinates multiple centromere and kinetochore activities to ensure accurate chromosome segregation.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3474960PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920312802430563DOI Listing

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