We investigate the influence of flow fields on the strength of the depletion interaction caused by disc-shaped depletants. At low mass concentration of discs, it is possible to continuously decrease the depth of the depletion potential by increasing the applied shear rate until the depletion force is not perceivable experimentally. Above a threshold in the platelet mass concentration, the depletion potential can no longer be affected by flow in the accessible range of shear rates. While the observed decrease of depletion strength at low depletant concentration may be ascribed to flow alignment of the discs, it is not clear why the influence of flow is vanishing at high concentrations. In order to observe these effects, a modification of the established total internal reflexion microscopy (TIRM) technique is be implemented. We show the suitability of these modifications to measure particle-wall interaction potentials under non-equilibrium conditions for systems where particles are exposed to a shear.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2012-12060-7 | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521.
Female mosquitoes require a vertebrate blood meal to activate reproduction, transmitting numerous devastating human diseases. Vitellogenesis is a central event of female reproduction that involves the massive production of vitellogenin (Vg) in the fat body and the maturation of ovaries. This process is controlled by the steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E); however, its molecular regulatory basis remains not completely understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMater Horiz
January 2025
National local joint engineering research center for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Batteries Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China.
The stable operation of high-capacity lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) has been hampered by slow conversion kinetics of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and instability of the lithium metal anodes. Herein, 6-(dibutylamino)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-thiol (DTD) is introduced as a functional additive for accelerating the kinetics of cathodic conversion and modulating the anode interface. We proposed that a coordination interaction mechanism drives the polysulfide conversion and modulates the Li solvated structure during the binding of the N-active site of DTD to LiPSs and lithium salts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEMBO Rep
January 2025
Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Systems Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown St, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK.
Cancer cells often display centrosome amplification, requiring the kinesin KIFC1/HSET for centrosome clustering to prevent multipolar spindles and cell death. In parallel siRNA screens of deubiquitinase enzymes, we identify OTUD6B as a positive regulator of KIFC1 expression that is required for centrosome clustering in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. OTUD6B can localise to centrosomes and the mitotic spindle and interacts with KIFC1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommun Biol
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.
Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is a crucial protein located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that mediates nonshivering thermogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms by which enhancer-promoter chromatin interactions control Ucp1 transcriptional regulation in brown adipose tissue (BAT) are unclear. Here, we employed circularized chromosome conformation capture coupled with next-generation sequencing (4C-seq) to generate high-resolution chromatin interaction profiles of Ucp1 in interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) and epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) and revealed marked changes in Ucp1 chromatin interaction between iBAT and eWAT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, P. Bag No: 2491, H.A. Farm Post Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024, India.
Understanding the epigenetic molecular mechanisms (EMMs) of reproduction is crucial for developing advanced and targeted control strategies for Spodoptera frugiperda. Differential expression analysis revealed 11 known miRNAs with varying expression levels, including nine upregulated and two downregulated miRNAs, in virgin females compared with males. The predictive analysis identified 426 target genes for these miRNAs, with ribogenesis highlighted as a key process in oogenesis and egg fertilization.
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