Proteomic approaches have advanced clinical research towards more reliable, sensitive and specific biological diagnostic markers for diseases. Mood disorders are most difficult to diagnose and very much prevalent in society; hence, their proper diagnosis becomes essential. Despite tremendous research efforts to dissect the neurobiological basis of psychiatric disorders, the diagnosis and evaluation for such diseases is still poor. Biomarker discovery in psychiatry research has been accelerated by proteomic technologies, accepting the challenges in order to meet disease state-related investigations. Proteomics-based research for disease-specific protein signatures is expected to give a new direction in psychiatry research. Therefore, this may become a more powerful tool to predict the development, course and outcome of the disease towards personalized psychiatric ailments. The review discusses the role of proteomics in elucidating mechanisms of psychiatric disorders, current status, prospects, limitations and new possibilities towards a strong diagnostic tool in the clinical laboratory.
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