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Nanoparticle innovations in targeted cancer therapy: advancements in antibody-drug conjugates.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, 11829, Cairo, Egypt.
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have emerged as a promising strategy in targeted cancer therapy, enabling the precise delivery of cytotoxic agents to tumor sites while minimizing systemic toxicity. However, traditional ADCs face significant limitations, including restricted drug loading capacity, where an optimal drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR) is crucial; low DARs may lead to insufficient potency, while high DARs can cause rapid clearance and increased toxicity. Additionally, ADCs often suffer from instability in circulation due to the potential for premature release of cytotoxic agents, resulting in off-target effects and reduced therapeutic efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Comprehensive Review on Exploring the Potential of Phytochemicals and Biogenic Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria.
Curr Microbiol
January 2025
Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an escalating global health concern that results in approximately 700,000 deaths annually owing to drug-resistant infections. It compromises the effectiveness of conventional antibiotics, as well as fundamental medical procedures, such as surgery and cancer treatment. Phytochemicals, natural plant constituents, and biogenic nanoparticles synthesized through biological processes are pharmacological alternatives for supplementing or replacing traditional antibiotics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFrequency and Patterns of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms among Ventilated Patients During the Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandemic.
J Coll Physicians Surg Pak
January 2025
Department of Pathology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan.
Objective: To determine the frequency of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial isolates in respiratory specimens obtained from ventilated patients admitted to critical care units at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), along with COVID-19-positive cases.
Study Design: An observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, between November 2021 and March 2022.
Evaluation of extracts from used Xpert MTB/RIF cartridges for detection of resistance to second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Ethiopia.
BMC Microbiol
January 2025
Mycobacteriology Research Center, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Background: Early and accurate diagnosis of drug resistance, including resistance to second-line anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs, is crucial for the effective control and management of pre-extensively drug-resistant TB (pre-XDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB). The Xpert MTB/XDR assay is the WHO recommended method for detecting resistance to isoniazid and second-line anti-TB drugs when rifampicin resistance is detected. Currently, the Xpert MTB/XDR assay is not yet implemented in Ethiopia, thus the MTBDRsl assay continues to be used.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlgae-derived polysaccharides and polysaccharide-based nanoparticles: A natural frontier in breast cancer therapy.
Int J Biol Macromol
January 2025
College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China. Electronic address:
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide, with its progression closely tied to the tumor microenvironment. To address the limitations and adverse effects of conventional therapies, algal polysaccharides and their nanoparticle derivatives have emerged as promising and effective anti-breast cancer agents. These bioactive compounds, derived from algae, are distinguished by their natural origin, non-toxicity, and significant medical relevance.
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