Small GTPases regulate a wide range of homeostatic processes such as cytoskeletal dynamics, organelle homeostasis, cell migration and vesicle trafficking, as well as in pathologic conditions such as carcinogenesis and metastatic spreading. Therefore, it is important to understand the regulation of small GTPase signaling, but this is complicated by the fact that crosstalk exists between different GTPase families and that we have to understand how they signal in time and space. The Golgi apparatus represents a hub for several signaling molecules and its importance in this field is constantly increasing. In this review we will discuss small GTPases signaling at the Golgi apparatus. Then, we will highlight recent work that contributed to a better understanding of crosstalk between different small GTPase families, with a special emphasis on their crosstalk at the Golgi apparatus. Finally, we will give a brief overview of available methods and tools to investigate spatio-temporal small GTPase crosstalk.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/sgtp.19842 | DOI Listing |
Int Immunopharmacol
December 2024
Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Tianjin, China. Electronic address:
Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition involving organ dysfunction characterized by a generalized inflammatory syndrome, and the associated mortality rate is high. Electroacupuncture (EA) exerts benefits in endotoxemia-induced lung injury, mainly through lung inflammation reduction and cellular homeostasis, although the anti-inflammatory mechanisms underlying these benefits remain to be completely understood.
Methods: Mice were pretreated with EA or sham EA therapy 5 days prior to the induction of endotoxemia through the administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP).
J Hazard Mater
December 2024
Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China. Electronic address:
Long-term exposure to high ammonia concentrations could severely impact chicken health. On the other hand, luteolin has been shown to protect against ammonia poisoning. Although phosphorylation is critically involved in toxicity induction, the specific role of phosphorylated proteins in ammonia poisoning remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Rep
December 2024
Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. Electronic address:
Transcripts of the KRAS locus are alternatively spliced to generate two proteins, KRAS4A and KRAS4B, which differ in their membrane-targeting sequences. These splice variants have been conserved for more than 450 million years, suggesting non-overlapping functions driven by differential membrane association. Here, we use proximity labeling to map the differential interactomes of the KRAS splice variants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neural Circuits
December 2024
Laboratory of Mammalian Neural Circuits, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan.
The Golgi apparatus is a central hub in the intracellular secretory pathway. By positioning in the specific intracellular region and transporting materials to spatially restricted compartments, the Golgi apparatus contributes to the cell polarity establishment and morphological specification in diverse cell types. In neurons, the Golgi apparatus mediates several essential steps of initial neural circuit formation during early brain development, such as axon-dendrite polarization, neuronal migration, primary dendrite specification, and dendritic arbor elaboration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethods Mol Biol
December 2024
Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is a major phospholipid that forms biological membranes in eukaryotes. PC is mainly synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus and then transported to other organelle membranes via multiple mechanisms. Such interorganelle lipid transport is thought to play an important role in the maintenance of cell morphology, organelle functions, and homeostasis, though the details of this process have not yet been well investigated.
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