Laboratory of Glycobiology and Marine Biochemistry, Department of Genome System Science, Graduate School of NanoBio Sciences, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan.
Published: May 2012
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
A divalent cation-independent lectin-HOL-18, with cytotoxic activity against leukemia cells, was purified from a demosponge, Halichondria okadai. HOL-18 is a 72 kDa tetrameric lectin that consists of four non-covalently bonded 18 kDa subunits. Hemagglutination activity of the lectin was strongly inhibited by chitotriose (GlcNAcβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-4GlcNAc), fetuin and mucins from porcine stomach and bovine submaxillary gland. Lectin activity was stable at pH 4-12 and temperatures lower than 60 °C. Frontal affinity chromatography with 16 types of pyridylaminated oligosaccharides indicated that the lectin had an affinity for N-linked complex-type and sphingolipid-type oligosaccharides with N-acetylated hexosamines and neuramic acid at the non-reducing termini. The lectin killed Jurkat leukemia T cells and K562 erythroleukemia cells in a dose- and carbohydrate-dependent manner.
Voltage-gated sodium channels (Na) are closely associated with epilepsy, cardiac and skeletal muscle diseases, and neuropathic pain. Several toxic compounds have been isolated from the marine sponge ; however, toxic substances that modulate Na are yet to be identified. This study aimed to identify Na inhibitors from two snake venoms and using mouse neuroblastoma Neuro-2A cells (N2A), which primarily express the specific Na subtype Na1.
Many natural products with extraordinary chemical structures and brilliant biological activities have been obtained from marine organisms. We have investigated such fascinating bioactive molecules, exemplified by the potent marine toxin palytoxin and the antitumor molecule halichondrin B, which has been developed as the anticancer drug Halaven®, to explore novel frontiers in organic chemistry and bioscience. Working within the traditional discipline, we have sought to acquire a deeper understanding of biological phenomena.
New diterpenes, namely, trichodermanins F-H, with a fused 6-5-6-6 ring system were isolated from the fungus OUPS-111D-4 separated from a marine sponge . These chemical structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR as well as high-resolution fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (HRFABMS) spectral analyses. We established their absolute stereostructures by application of the modified Mosher's method or circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy.
Laboratory of Glycobiology and Marine Biochemistry, Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Graduate School of NanoBiosciences, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan. Electronic address:
We studied localization and physiological activities of a lectin showing specific binding to N-acetylhexosamines, termed HOL-18, purified from Japanese black sponge (Halichondria okadai). Antiserum against the lectin was generated in rabbit and applied for immunohistochemical analyses. HOL-18 was expressed specifically around water pores and on spicules of sponge tissues.
The mitogenome sequence of Sponge (Kadota, 1922) (Suberitida, Halichondriidae) was determined for the first time in this study. The circular genome is 20,722 bp in length, containing 14 protein coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), and 25 transfer RNAs (tRNAs). The nucleotide composition of mitogenome consists of 29.
