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Emerging therapies for opioid-induced constipation: what can we expect?
Expert Opin Pharmacother
September 2024
Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Introduction: The rise in opioid use for managing chronic and oncologic pain has led to a significant increase in opioid-induced constipation (OIC) that impacts patient quality of life and pain management.
Areas Covered: In this study, emerging therapies for OIC were criticized for refining advancements and novel treatment options. Key topics included the efficacy of peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonists (PAMORAs) such as methylnaltrexone, naloxegol, and naldemedine, which specifically target opioid-induced gut dysfunction.
Opioids and the Gastrointestinal Tract: The Role of Peripherally Active µ-Opioid Receptor Antagonists in Modulating Intestinal Permeability.
Am J Gastroenterol
October 2024
Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
Opioid receptors are found throughout the gastrointestinal tract, including the large intestine. Many patients treated with opioids experience opioid-induced constipation (OIC). Laxatives are not effective in most patients, and in those who do initially respond, the efficacy of laxatives generally diminishes over time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical Outcomes of Intravenous Methylnaltrexone in Children: A Single-Arm Retrospective Cohort Study.
J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther
June 2024
Department of Pharmacy (MR, KG, ML), Children's Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
Objectives: Constipation is a common adverse event of opioid use that is often difficult to treat. Methylnaltrexone is a therapeutic option for opioid-induced constipation (OIC) approved for oral and subcutaneous use in adults. These administration routes are not always feasible in the pediatric population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOpioid-induced Constipation: Old and New Concepts in Diagnosis and Treatment.
J Neurogastroenterol Motil
April 2024
Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
Daily use of opioid analgesics has significantly increased in recent years due to an increasing prevalence of conditions associated with chronic pain. Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is one of the most common, under-recognized, and under-treated side effects of opioid analgesics. OIC significantly reduces the quality of life by causing psychological distress, lowering work productivity, and increasing access to healthcare facilities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacological prevention and treatment of opioid-induced constipation in cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Cancer Treat Rev
April 2024
Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Medical Oncology, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Cancer Center Amsterdam, Treatment and Quality of Life, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Background: Cancer-related pain often requires opioid treatment with opioid-induced constipation (OIC) as its most frequent gastrointestinal side-effect. Both for prevention and treatment of OIC osmotic (e.g.
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