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Interventions to reduce non-prescription antimicrobial sales in community pharmacies.

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Global Health Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke's International University, Chuo-ku, Japan.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health concern. One of the most important causes of AMR is the excessive and inappropriate use of antimicrobial drugs in healthcare and community settings. Most countries have policies that require antimicrobial drugs to be obtained from a pharmacy by prescription.

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Objective: The dispensing of non-prescription antibiotics is a worldwide concern, and antibiotics should only be dispensed with a legitimate prescription.

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Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are particularly prevalent in Southeast Asia, mainly due to inadequate infection prevention and control (IPC) and the widespread and uncontrolled use of antibiotics. Pakistan is the third largest low-middle-income country (LMIC) user of antibiotics. Antibiotic consumption increased by 65%, from 800 million to 1.

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