AI Article Synopsis
- HIV-1 transgenic rats, a model for studying neurocognitive disorders related to HIV, show increased brain arachidonic acid metabolism and neuroinflammation by 7 months of age.
- Lithium has been shown to reduce arachidonic acid metabolism in models of neuroinflammation and was tested on these rats to see if it could also decrease their heightened metabolism.
- The study found that lithium treatment notably reduced arachidonic acid metabolism in the brain, suggesting it could be beneficial in improving cognitive issues and providing neuroprotection in HIV-1 patients suffering from neurocognitive disorders.
Article Abstract
HIV-1 transgenic (Tg) rats, a model for human HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), show upregulated markers of brain arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism with neuroinflammation after 7 months of age. Since lithium decreases AA metabolism in a rat lipopolysaccharide model of neuroinflammation, and may be useful in HAND, we hypothesized that lithium would dampen upregulated brain AA metabolism in HIV-1 Tg rats. Regional brain AA incorporation coefficients k* and rates J ( in ), markers of AA signaling and metabolism, were measured in 81 brain regions using quantitative autoradiography, after intravenous [1-(14) C]AA infusion in unanesthetized 10-month-old HIV-1 Tg and age-matched wildtype rats that had been fed a control or LiCl diet for 6 weeks. k* and J ( in ) for AA were significantly higher in HIV-1 Tg than wildtype rats fed the control diet. Lithium feeding reduced plasma unesterified AA concentration in both groups and J ( in ) in wildtype rats, and blocked increments in k* (19 of 54 regions) and J ( in ) (77 of 81 regions) in HIV-1 Tg rats. These in vivo neuroimaging data indicate that lithium treatment dampened upregulated brain AA metabolism in HIV-1 Tg rats. Lithium may improve cognitive dysfunction and be neuroprotective in HIV-1 patients with HAND through a comparable effect.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3478068 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11481-012-9381-0 | DOI Listing |
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