Background: Compulsivity is the repetitive, irresistible urge to perform a behavior, the experience of loss of voluntary control over this intense urge and the tendency to perform repetitive acts in a habitual or stereotyped manner. Compulsivity is part of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but may occasionally occur as stand-alone symptom following brain damage induced by cardiac arrest. In this case report, we describe a patient who developed compulsivity following cardiac arrest. We review diagnostic options, underlying mechanisms and possible treatments.
Case Presentation: A 65-year-old man presented at our clinic with continuous compulsive whistling following cardiac arrest. Neither obsessive-compulsive symptoms, nor other psychiatric complaints were present prior to the hypoxic incident. An EEG showed diffuse hypofunction, mainly in baso-temporal areas. Treatment with clomipramine resulted in a decrease of whistling.
Discussion: This case report illustrates de novo manifestation of compulsivity following cardiac arrest and subsequent brain damage and gives additional information on diagnostic options, mechanisms and treatment options. Differential diagnosis between stereotypies, punding, or OCD is difficult. Compulsivity following brain damage may benefit from treatment with serotonin reuptake inhibitors. This finding enhances our knowledge of treatments in similar cases.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-12-75 | DOI Listing |
J Am Med Inform Assoc
December 2024
AI for Health Institute, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130, United States.
Objective: Early detection of surgical complications allows for timely therapy and proactive risk mitigation. Machine learning (ML) can be leveraged to identify and predict patient risks for postoperative complications. We developed and validated the effectiveness of predicting postoperative complications using a novel surgical Variational Autoencoder (surgVAE) that uncovers intrinsic patterns via cross-task and cross-cohort presentation learning.
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Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Bodø, Norway.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
December 2024
Resuscitation Science Center and Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Pediatric neurological injury and disease is a critical public health issue due to increasing rates of survival from primary injuries (e.g., cardiac arrest, traumatic brain injury) and a lack of monitoring technologies and therapeutics for treatment of secondary neurological injury.
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Department of Emergency Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan. Electronic address:
BMJ Case Rep
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Critical Care, North West Anglia NHS Foundation Trust, Peterborough, UK.
We present a case of hyperkaliaemic cardiac arrest in a patient with Angelman's syndrome after administration of suxamethonium in rapid sequence intubation. The patient was admitted to the critical care unit in with aspiration pneumonia and intestinal obstruction. They had a cardiac arrest after suxamethonium administration.
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