Retroelements with long-terminal repeats (LTRs) inhabit nearly all eukaryotic genomes. During the time of their rich evolutionary history they have developed highly diverse forms, ranging from ordinary retrotransposons to complex pathogenic retroviruses such as HIV-I. Errantiviruses are a group of insect endogenous LTR elements that share structural and functional features with vertebrate endogenous retroviruses. The errantiviruses illustrate one of the evolutionary strategies of retrotransposons to become infective, which together with their similarities to vertebrate retroviruses make them an attractive object of research promising to shed more light on the evolution of retroviruses.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/mge.19234 | DOI Listing |
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[Study of the Gut Transcriptomic Response in Drosophila melanogaster with Knockdown of Gagr, Domesticated gag Gene of Errantiviruses].
Mol Biol (Mosk)
December 2024
Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234 Russia.
As a result of molecular domestication of the gag gene of errantiviruses, the Gagr gene was formed in the genome of Drosophila melanogaster. It has previously been shown that the Gagr gene is transcribed at the highest level in gut tissues relative to other tissues, and its transcription is most effectively induced in females in response to ammonium persulfate added to the nutrient medium. In the present work, the gut transcriptome of females with knockdown of the Gagr gene was studied in all tissues under standard conditions and under stress conditions caused by ammonium persulfate.
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Nat Commun
September 2023
iGReD, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, INSERM, Faculté de Médecine, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Most Drosophila transposable elements are LTR retrotransposons, some of which belong to the genus Errantivirus and share structural and functional characteristics with vertebrate endogenous retroviruses. Like endogenous retroviruses, it is unclear whether errantiviruses retain some infectivity and transposition capacity. We created conditions where control of the Drosophila ZAM errantivirus through the piRNA pathway was abolished leading to its de novo reactivation in somatic gonadal cells.
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Viruses
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Department of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia.
Long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons occupy a special place among all mobile genetic element families. The structure of LTR retrotransposons that have three open reading frames is identical to DNA forms of retroviruses that are integrated into the host genome. Several lines of evidence suggest that LTR retrotransposons share a common ancestry with retroviruses and thus are highly relevant to understanding mechanisms of transposition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Functional analysis of Grp and Iris, the gag and env domesticated errantivirus genes, in the Drosophila melanogaster genome].
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Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia.
Drosophila melanogaster is the only invertebrate that contains endogenous retroviruses, which are called errantiviruses. Two domesticated genes, Grp and Iris, which originate from errantivirus gag and env, respectively, have been found in the D. melanogaster genome.
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Mob Genet Elements
January 2012
Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology; Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow, Russia.
Retroelements with long-terminal repeats (LTRs) inhabit nearly all eukaryotic genomes. During the time of their rich evolutionary history they have developed highly diverse forms, ranging from ordinary retrotransposons to complex pathogenic retroviruses such as HIV-I. Errantiviruses are a group of insect endogenous LTR elements that share structural and functional features with vertebrate endogenous retroviruses.
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