It would be ideal if bone substitutes could be absorbed by the human body upon the formation of new bone. Although calcium sulfate is absorbable, its biodegradation rate is very fast. Fortunately, this rate can be reduced significantly through various sintering techniques. This study demonstrates that the degradation rate of sintered CS specimens can be adjusted through the introduction of pores. Through various techniques, we introduced spherical pores with amounts ranging from 6.7 to 68 % into sintered CS specimens. The corresponding degradation rate in Hank's solution varied from 1.9 to 7.7 %/day and the cytotoxicity test results indicated low toxicity within the sintered CS specimens.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10856-012-4704-5 | DOI Listing |
Biochemistry
January 2025
School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.
Coral reefs are hotspots of marine biodiversity, which results in the synthesis of a wide variety of compounds with unique molecular scaffolds, and bioactivities, rendering reefs an ecosystem of interest. The chemodiversity stems from the intricate relationships between inhabitants of the reef, as the chemistry produced partakes in intra- and interspecies communication, settlement, nutrient acquisition, and defense. However, the coral reefs are declining at an unprecedented rate due to climate change, pollution, and increased incidence of pathogenic diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Theory Comput
January 2025
IBiTech - BioMMedA Group, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Entrance 98, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
Molecular oxygen (O) is essential for life, and continuous effort has been made to understand its pathways in cellular respiration with all-atom (AA) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of, e.g., membrane permeation or binding to proteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Des Devel Ther
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
Introduction: The mechanism of remimazolam, a benzodiazepine that activates γ-aminobutyric acid a (GABAa) receptors, in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is not well understood. Therefore, we explored whether remimazolam activates protein kinase B (AKT)/glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) to attenuate brain I/R injury in transcerebral I/R-injured rats and transoxygenic glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-injured SY5Y cells.
Material And Methods: Remimazolam was added at the beginning of cell and rat reperfusion, and the PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 was added to inhibit the AKT/GSK-3β/NRF2 pathway 24 h before cellular OGD/R treatment and 30 min before rat brain I/R treatment.
Physiol Plant
January 2025
School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, Australia.
The relative performance of rhizobial strains could depend on their resource allocation, environmental conditions, and host genotype. Here, we used a high-throughput shoot phenotyping to investigate the effects of Mesorhizobium strain on the growth dynamics, nodulation and bacteroid traits with four chickpea (Cicer arietinum) varieties grown under different water regimes in an experiment including four nitrogen sources (two Mesorhizobium strains, and two uninoculated controls: nitrogen fertilised and unfertilised) under well-watered and drought conditions. We asked three questions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPest Manag Sci
January 2025
College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China.
Background: Fomesafen is a selective herbicide widely used to control post-emergent broad-leaf weeds in soybean and peanut fields. Because of its persistent nature in soil, it can suppress subsequent crops, including wheat. There is limited information focusing on methods of protecting wheat from fomesafen injury by soil residue.
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