Integrins and other families of cell adhesion receptors are responsible for platelet adhesion and aggregation, which are essential steps for physiological haemostasis, as well as for the development of thrombosis. The modulation of platelet adhesive properties is the result of a complex pattern of inside-out and outside-in signaling pathways, in which the members of the Rap family of small GTPases are bidirectionally involved. This paper focuses on the regulation of the main Rap GTPase expressed in circulating platelets, Rap1b, downstream of adhesion receptors, and summarizes the most recent achievements in the investigation of the function of this protein as regulator of platelet adhesion and thrombus formation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/412089 | DOI Listing |
Biomater Sci
January 2025
Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
Nature-inspired superhydrophobic materials have attracted considerable interest in blood-contacting biomedical applications due to their remarkable water-repellent and self-cleaning properties. However, the interaction mechanism between blood components and superhydrophobic surfaces remains unclear. To explore the effect of trapped air on platelet adhesion, we designed four distinct hydrophobic titanium dioxide (TiO) nanostructures with different fractions of trapped air.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLangmuir
January 2025
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bio-functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
Steric stabilization and lubrication give loop polymer brushes enhanced antifouling properties. In the study, linear zwitterionic poly(NMASMCMS) brushes were first constructed on a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) surface through surface-initiated reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (SI-RAFT) polymerization. The tethered linear brushes on sheets were then thiolated with ethanolamine, followed by oxidation to form loop brushes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Immunol
January 2025
Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
We performed a systems vaccinology analysis to investigate immune responses in humans to an H5N1 influenza vaccine, with and without the AS03 adjuvant, to identify factors influencing antibody response magnitude and durability. Our findings revealed a platelet and adhesion-related blood transcriptional signature on day 7 that predicted the longevity of the antibody response, suggesting a potential role for platelets in modulating antibody response durability. As platelets originate from megakaryocytes, we explored the effect of thrombopoietin (TPO)-mediated megakaryocyte activation on antibody response longevity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Indian Soc Periodontol
December 2024
Department of Periodontology, K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
Periodontal surgery often necessitates the use of a periodontal dressing to protect the surgical site and facilitate healing. Commonly used dressings, such as noneugenol packs, offer some benefits but have significant drawbacks, including plaque accumulation, a sensation of foreignness, and no significant impact on healing enhancement. On the other hand, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membranes are rich in growth factors, which can accelerate wound healing and tissue regeneration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pediatr Hematol Oncol
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC.
Constitutional platelet disorders have become better understood since Bernard and Soulier first described a case in 1948. Their diagnosis can also be challenging due to overlap in clinical presentation and lab findings with platelet type von Willebrand. Bernard-Soulier syndrome is a disorder caused by GPIb receptor mutations that decrease its affinity for von Willebrand factor resulting in reduced platelet function and macrothrombocytopenia.
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