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J Infect
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Excellence Center for Critical Care Nephrology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; Tropical Medicine Cluster, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; Center for Critical Care Nephrology, The CRISMA Center, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Academy of Science, Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand. Electronic address:
Background: Severe pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome (SPHS) remains a fatal complication of leptospirosis with poorly understood mechanisms and an urgent need for effective biomarkers.
Methods: A nested case-control analysis was conducted using blood specimens from two previous Thai leptospirosis cohorts. Candidate microRNAs were initially discovered through a global profiling of 798 serum microRNAs in five SPHS and seven non-SPHS patients, and then validated using real-time polymerase chain reactions in 168 patients.
Cureus
November 2024
Internal Medicine, Corewell Health, Royal Oak, USA.
Leptospirosis, an infection caused by the spirochete Leptospira and commonly attributed to the underdeveloped world, is frequently under-diagnosed in the United States. This report discusses the case of a 79-year-old male with no significant medical history who presented to the ED with recurrent falls. Initial laboratory results demonstrated severe acute kidney injury, hyperbilirubinemia, and thrombocytopenia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrop Med Infect Dis
November 2024
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.
Leptospirosis is a widespread disease throughout the world, presenting in severe clinical forms in dogs. The pathogenicity of the different serovars in field infections is not fully documented, and clinical diagnosis is often limited to a combination of serological tests and molecular analyses. The latter, although a fundamental tool, cannot identify the infecting strain without further analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Negl Trop Dis
December 2024
University of Queensland Centre of Clinical Research (UQCCR), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Little is known about the epidemiology of leptospirosis in the Dominican Republic, the second most populous country in the Caribbean. We report on findings from a multi-stage household survey across two regions in the country that reveals a previously under-estimated burden of human Leptospira infection. Our findings, based on the reference-standard microscopic agglutination test, indicate a complex picture of serogroup diversity, spatial heterogeneity in infection and risk, and a marked discrepancy between reported cases and serologically estimated infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicine (Baltimore)
December 2024
Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fuyang Infectious Disease Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, Anhui Province, China.
Rationale: The mortality rate associated with pulmonary hemorrhage induced by leptospirosis is notably high. Available treatment modalities are limited, and their efficacy has not been fully demonstrated. Here, we present the case report of a patient with leptospirosis-induced pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome.
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