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The purpose of this cadaveric study was to clearly define the blood supply to the femoral head to help further reduce the incidence of iatrogenic avascular necrosis (AVN). Thirty-five hips of twenty-eight fresh cadavers were injected with colored silicone. Anterior and posterior dissection was performed to assess the vessels contributing to femoral head vascularity. The medial femoral circumflex artery (MFCA) was found to be the main blood supply to the hip in twenty-nine specimens; the inferior gluteal artery (IGA) was found to be the main blood supply in six. The MFCA consistently provided at least one smaller-calibre inferomedial retinacular artery. The foveal artery provided no significant vascular contribution in any specimen. The quantity and calibre of superior retinacular vessels demonstrated their dominance in head vascularity, although inferior retinacular arteries were consistently present. To reduce the risk of iatrogenic AVN, branches of both the IGA and MFCA traversing the interval between the quadratus femoris and piriformis muscles must be protected during surgery. Since all intracapsular vessels penetrated the capsule near its distal attachment, distal capsulotomy carries a significantly higher risk of AVN than proximal capsulotomy, particularly posterolaterally and inferomedially.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/HIP.2012.9242 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
March 2025
Jinan Fifth People's Hospital, No. 24297, Jingshi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China.
This study delved into the role of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and cuproptosis in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SIONFH), assessing the therapeutic potential of the PI3K agonist 740Y-P. We analyzed femoral head specimens from SIONFH patients using DIA proteomics, identifying differentially expressed proteins linked to cuproptosis. In vitro, MC3T3-E1 cells treated with dexamethasone (DEX) exhibited hallmarks of cuproptosis, including downregulation of DLAT, PDHB, SLC25A3, and FDX1, increased copper ions, and reduced osteogenic potential, as shown by decreased ALP activity and RUNX2/BMP2 expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomech
March 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address:
Understanding the transmission of forces through the joints of the lower limb under weight-bearing conditions is critical for assessing the progression of knee and ankle osteoarthritis, as well as for developing effective surgical and preventive strategies. This study presents the first simultaneous quantification of three-dimensional skeletal posture and ground reaction force vectors during quiet standing, utilizing upright computed tomography and a custom-made force plate. We constructed the force plate using two six-axis force sensors, and the coordinate system of the CT was aligned with that of the force plate using metal spheres attached to the edges of the force plate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInjury
February 2025
Department of Arthritis, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261031, PR China. Electronic address:
Objective: This study aimed to identify the optimal position for the femoral neck system (FNS) device when fixing Pauwels III #NOF, by analyzing the mechanical stability and stress distribution of FNS at different screw placement positions for the fixation of Pauwels III femoral neck fractures.
Methods: We employed finite element analysis to create a 3D model of a Pauwels type III femoral neck fracture. Six models were designed, each with varied FNS screw placement positions.
Pediatr Radiol
March 2025
Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China.
Background: The Tönnis classification is widely used to quantify the severity of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) based on the epiphyseal ossification center, while the International Hip Dysplasia Institute (IHDI) has proposed an alternative system. However, the pathological morphology associated with these classifications remains inadequately defined.
Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the correlation between the Tönnis classification and the IHDI classification with the pathological morphology of cartilage and soft tissues in DDH.
Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol
March 2025
Baidya and Banskota Hospital, Patan, Nepal.
Introduction: Traumatic hip dislocations (THD) often result from high-energy trauma and are frequently associated with fractures of the femoral head, shaft, or acetabulum. Effective management, including timely hip relocation, is essential for favorable outcomes. However, limited literature exists on the functional outcomes of THD, especially in resource-limited settings like Nepal.
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