AI Article Synopsis
- This study investigates how the main envelope proteins (GP5 and M) of equine arteritis virus (EAV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) influence which cells they can infect.
- Researchers created three chimeric viruses by swapping parts of these proteins between the two viruses.
- The chimeric viruses behaved like EAV, only infecting EAV-susceptible cells, suggesting that the main envelope proteins do not significantly determine cellular tropism, highlighting the importance of minor envelope proteins instead.
Article Abstract
Equine arteritis virus (EAV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) are members of family Arteriviridae; they are highly species specific and differ significantly in cellular tropism in cultured cells. In this study we examined the role of the two major envelope proteins (GP5 and M) of EAV and PRRSV in determining their cellular tropism. We generated three viable EAV/PRRSV chimeric viruses by swapping the N-terminal ectodomains of these two proteins from PRRSV IA1107 strain into an infectious cDNA clone of EAV (rMLVB4/5 GP5ecto, rMLVB4/5/6 Mecto and rMLVB4/5/6 GP5&Mecto). The three chimeric viruses could only infect EAV susceptible cell lines but not PRRSV susceptible cells in culture. Therefore, these data unequivocally demonstrate that the ectodomains of GP5 and M are not the major determinants of cellular tropism, further supporting the recent findings that the minor envelope proteins are the critical proteins in mediating cellular tropism (Tian et al., 2012).
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2012.05.022 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
SARS-CoV-2 Productively Infects Human Hepatocytes and Induces Cell Death.
J Med Virol
January 2025
Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Munich, Munich, Germany.
SARS-CoV-2 infection is accompanied by elevated liver enzymes, and patients with pre-existing liver conditions experience more severe disease. While it was known that SARS-CoV-2 infects human hepatocytes, our study determines the mechanism of infection, demonstrates viral replication and spread, and highlights direct hepatocyte damage. Viral replication was readily detectable upon infection of primary human hepatocytes and hepatoma cells with the ancestral SARS-CoV-2, Delta, and Omicron variants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCombined TLR2/TLR4 activation equip non-mucosal dendritic cells to prime Th1 cells with gut tropism.
iScience
December 2024
CIISA - Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal.
Activated CD4 T cells located at mucosal surfaces orchestrate local effector immune mechanisms. When properly polarized, these cells contribute to block infections at early stages and may be essential to restrain the local growth of mucosal tumors, playing a critical role in host protection. How CD4 T cells simultaneously integrate gut-homing instructions and Th polarization signals transmitted by TLR activated dendritic cells (DCs) is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptimized protocol for culturing menstrual blood-derived MSCs for combination with oncolytic adenoviruses in cancer treatment.
Mol Ther Oncol
December 2024
Cancer Immunotherapy Group, Oncobell and iProCURE programs, IDIBELL-Institut Català d'Oncologia, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are a promising therapeutic approach for cancer, although their systemic administration faces significant challenges. Mesenchymal stem cells have emerged as potential carriers to overcome these obstacles due to their tumor-tropic properties. This study investigates the use of menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MenSCs) as carriers for OVs in cancer therapy, focusing on enhancing their efficacy through different culture conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProteomic analysis of the nonstructural protein 2-host protein interactome reveals a novel regulatory role of SH3 domain-containing kinase-binding protein 1 in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication and apoptosis.
Int J Biol Macromol
January 2025
College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Zhaoqing Branch Centre of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing 526238, China; Zhaoqing Institute of Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhaoqing 526238, China; Guangdong Wens Dahuanong Bio-Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xinxing 527400, China. Electronic address:
Virus-host protein interaction is critical for successful completion of viral replication cycles. As the largest nonstructural protein (NSP) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), NSP2 plays multiple and critical roles in viral replication, antiviral immunity, cellular tropism and virulence. An interactome of this protein with host proteins would be instrumental in full understanding of these multifunctional roles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA root system architecture regulator modulates OsPIN2 polar localization in rice.
Nat Commun
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Ideal root system architecture (RSA) is important for efficient nutrient uptake and high yield in crops. We cloned and characterized a key RSA regulatory gene, GRAVITROPISM LOSS 1 (OsGLS1), in rice (Oryza sativa L.).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!