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Pharmacogenomic associations with HIV-1 virologic suppression in TB/HIV patients.
Res Sq
December 2024
Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas.
Background: Human genetic variants can affect TB and HIV drug metabolism, which may lead to toxicity or treatment failure. We evaluated associations between genetic variants of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and HIV-1 outcomes among TB/HIV patients.
Methods: We included RePORT-Brazil participants with TB/HIV who initiated standard TB treatment [2 months of isoniazid/rifampicin (or rifabutin)/pyrazinamide/ethambutol, then 4 months or more of isoniazid/rifampicin (or rifabutin)], and ART.
Pharmacogenetics of colorectal cancer in a third-level hospital in Valencia.
Adv Lab Med
December 2024
Gene Therapy and Pharmacogenomics Research Group, Department of Pharmacology, Universitat de València and IIS La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
Objectives: Genetic variants with associated pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects have an impact on the development of adverse drug reactions and survival of patients with colorectal cancer.
Methods: A selection of genetic variants was performed according to the established chemotherapy and the pharmacogenetic databases. Genotyping was performed using MassArray technology (Agena Bioscience).
Clinical Benefits and Utility of Pretherapeutic DPYD and UGT1A1 Testing in Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Secondary Analysis of the PREPARE Randomized Clinical Trial.
JAMA Netw Open
December 2024
Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy.
Importance: To date, the clinical benefit and utility of implementing a DPYD/UGT1A1 pharmacogenetic-informed therapy with fluoropyrimidines and/or irinotecan have not been prospectively investigated.
Objective: To examine clinically relevant toxic effects, hospitalizations, and related costs while preserving treatment intensity and efficacy outcomes in patients with gastrointestinal cancer.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This nonprespecified secondary analysis stems from Pre-Emptive Pharmacogenomic Testing for Preventing Adverse Drug Reactions (PREPARE), a multicenter, controlled, open, block-randomized, crossover implementation trial conducted from March 7, 2017, to June 30, 2020, and includes data from Italy according to a sequential study design.
Pharmacogenetic-guided dosing for fluoropyrimidine (DPYD) and irinotecan (UGT1A1*28) chemotherapies for patients with cancer (PACIFIC-PGx): A multicenter clinical trial.
Clin Transl Sci
December 2024
Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
PACIFIC-PGx evaluated the feasibility of implementing pharmacogenetics (PGx) screening in Australia and the impact of DPYD/UGT1A1 genotype-guided dosing on severe fluoropyrimidine (FP) and irinotecan-related toxicities and hospitalizations, compared to historical controls. This prospective single arm trial enrolled patients starting FP/irinotecan for any cancer between 7 January 2021 and 25 February 2022 from four Australian hospitals (one metropolitan, three regional). During the accrual period, 462/487 (95%) consecutive patients screened for eligibility for DPYD and 50/109 (46%) for UGT1A1 were enrolled and genotyped (feasibility analysis), with 276/462 (60%) for DPYD and 30/50 (60%) for UGT1A1 received FP/irinotecan (safety analysis).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAllele frequency of genetic variations related to the gene-drug pair in a group of Iranian population.
J Diabetes Metab Disord
December 2024
Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Objectives: The efficacy and safety of drug treatments vary widely due to genetic variations. Pharmacogenomics investigates the impact of genetic variations on patient drug response. This research investigates the frequency of genetic variations in the Iranian population, comparing them with global data to provide insights into the pharmacogenomic approach in the Iranian population.
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