Unlabelled: Clostridium difficile (CD) is one of the main factors of nosocomial infections both in children and adults and the number these infections is still growing. There is an increasing number of community-associated CDAD and CDIs with no exposure to antibiotics. Tests for CD among children are not routinely conducted because of high rate of carrying (from 13 to 70% infants). The objective of a study was to assess the frequency CDI among children with diarrhea, analysis of the risk factors of CDI and to compare the course of infection and the response to the treatment depending on type of bacteria toxigenic profile.
Material And Methods: The retrospective analysis of the clinical case record was made on 16 children at the age of 9 months to 10 years with CDI. PCR tests (Xpert C.Difficile) were used to identify CD in stool specimens.
Results: 1,6% children with diarrhea was diagnosed with CDI. It constituted 8,9 cases per 1000 admissions. All children with CDI received antibiotics before. Correlation between hospitalization and development of CDI was found in 56% children. In 62% children the toxin B-producing B strains were revealed whereas in the others hiperwirulent strains NAP1/B1/027 (38%). SIRS was found in 50% cases infected by NAP 1/B1/027.
Conclusion: CD may be very important etiological factor of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in hospitalized children, especially with severe diseases and community-acquired CDs. CDI should be considered in all cases of prolonged or relapse of diarrhea.
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