While knowledge of the reproductive biology of tropical scleractinian corals is extensive, information from temperate zones is limited. The aim of this study is to describe the reproductive biology of Caryophyllia inornata, a temperate species, and to increase the understanding of the reproductive strategies of Mediterranean corals. Samples of C. inornata were collected during SCUBA surveys at Elba island. Sexually active individuals displayed either male or female germ cells, showing a gonochoric sexuality. C. inornata exhibited an unusual pattern of embryogenesis. Embryos appeared throughout the whole year in males and in sexually inactive individuals, and they did not show a seasonal pattern of development, as usually expected for sexual reproduction. This observation suggests the possibility of asexual origin. These embryogenetic sexually inactive individuals were larger in size than the embryogenetic sexually active ones, and they might be senile polyps that preserve the ability to produce embryos only by agamic reproduction.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.20039 | DOI Listing |
Molecules
January 2025
A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 29, Moscow 119991, Russia.
In this study, the homogeneous carboxylation of potassium, sodium, and lithium phenolates in DMSO solution at 100 °C by the Kolbe-Schmitt reaction was investigated. The impact of water, phenolate concentration, and cation nature on the yield of products and reaction selectivity was demonstrated. Based on the patterns observed, it was concluded that a complex cluster mechanism governs the carboxylation reaction in the solution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDalton Trans
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India.
-β, β-β' trifused porphyrins incorporating two distinct active methylene groups (MN = malononitrile and IND = 1,3-indanedione) and their corresponding metal complexes with Cu(II) and Zn(II) have been synthesized with good to excellent yields and characterized by various spectroscopic techniques and spectrometric methods. Single crystal X-ray analysis of the Zn(II) complex ZnTFPMB(MN) (where TFP = trifused porphyrin and MB = mono benzo) revealed a nonplanar 'armchair' type conformation with a twist angle of 24.10°.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Nano
January 2025
The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR-SANKEN), Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan.
The intercalation of metal chlorides, and particularly iron chlorides, into graphitic carbon structures has recently received lots of attention, as it can not only protect this two-dimensional (2D) magnetic system from the effects of the environment but also substantially alter the magnetic, electronic, and optical properties of both the intercalant and host material. At the same time, intercalation can result in the formation of structural defects or defects can appear under external stimuli, which can affect materials performance. These aspects have received so far little attention in dedicated experiments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial malignancy commonly associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection. While bone, liver, and lung metastases are well-documented, central nervous system (CNS) involvement, particularly spinal and meningeal metastases, is extremely rare. We present a 41-year-old male with nasal obstruction and diplopia, diagnosed with locally advanced NPC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomacromolecules
January 2025
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
Enzymes are attractive as catalysts due to their specificity and biocompatibility; however, their use in industrial and biomedical applications is limited by stability. Here, we present a facile approach for enzyme immobilization within "all-enzyme" hydrogels by forming photochemical covalent cross-links between the enzyme glucose oxidase. We demonstrate that the mechanical properties of the enzyme hydrogel can be tuned with enzyme concentration and the data suggests that the dimeric nature of glucose oxidase results in unusual gel formation behavior which suggests a degree of forced induced dimer dissociation and unfolding.
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