Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) is a pseudoneoplastic lesion that most commonly involves lung. We report a case of IPT of kidney associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. CT and PET/CT showed the features of renal cell carcinoma. After radical nephrectomy, histologic examination demonstrated acute pyelonephritis associated with papillary necrosis, and IPT involving renal parenchyma and capsule. Although renal IPT is a very rare tumor, awareness of its existence in the differential diagnosis of a renal mass is critical to avoid misdiagnosis. Clinician should carefully consider differential diagnosis and complications associated with acute or chronic pyelonephritis and papillary necrosis in diabetic patients, particularly.
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