AI Article Synopsis
- Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is linked to chronic infections like periodontitis, which may influence cardiovascular health, specifically with a noted presence of Streptococcus mutans in atheromatous plaques.
- A study compared 30 PAD patients to 30 control subjects, measuring ankle-brachial index (ABI), clinical attachment loss, dental health (DMFT index), and inflammatory markers (CRP), while also checking for specific bacterial DNA in their samples.
- Findings indicated that patients with significant clinical attachment loss had a much higher risk of developing PAD, and there were notable differences in CRP levels and dental health metrics between PAD patients and controls, suggesting a potential link between periodontitis and PAD.
Article Abstract
Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is an important cardiovascular disorder of the peripheral arteries. Chronic infections, such as periodontitis, may play an important role in the etiology and pathophysiology of PAD and other cardiovascular conditions. Recently, Streptococcus mutans has been found with high frequency in atheromatous plaques. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible clinical and microbiologic association between PAD and periodontitis and dental caries.
Methods: Thirty patients with PAD and 30 control individuals were selected. PAD and its severity were established by the use of the ankle-brachial index (ABI). Clinical attachment loss (AL); probing depth; decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index; and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were evaluated. The presence of bacterial DNA from Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Prevotella intermedia, Treponema denticola, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was identified by polymerase chain reaction in subgingival biofilm and serum.
Results: Patients with ≥30% AL ≥ 4 mm had six-fold increased risk of having PAD (odds ratio = 8.18; 95% confidence interval = 1.21 to 35.23; P = 0.031). There was statistical difference in the CRP (P = 0.0413) and DMFT index (P = 0.0002), with elevated number of missing teeth (P = 0.0459) in the PAD group compared with the control group. There were no significant differences in the frequency of bacteria in serum and subgingival plaque.
Conclusion: There was a positive relationship between periodontitis based on AL and PAD determined by the ABI (odds ratio = 8.18).
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/jop.2012.120051 | DOI Listing |
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