HBV vaccine was introduced into the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) in Senegal and Cameroon in 2005. We conducted a cross-sectional study in both countries to assess the HBV immune protection among children. All consecutive children under 4 years old, hospitalized for any reason between May 2009 and May 2010, with an immunisation card and a complete HBV vaccination, were tested for anti-HBs and anti-HBc. A total of 242 anti-HBc-negative children (128 in Cameroon and 114 in Senegal) were considered in the analysis. The prevalence of children with anti-HBs ≥ 10 IU/L was higher in Cameroon with 92% (95% CI: 87%-97%) compared to Senegal with 58% (95% CI: 49%-67%), (p<0.001). The response to vaccination in Senegal was lower in 2006-2007 (43%) than in 2008-2009 (65%), (p = 0.028). Our results, although not based on a representative sample of Senegalese or Cameroonian child populations, reveal a significant problem in vaccine response in Senegal. This response problem extends well beyond hepatitis B: the same children who have not developed an immune response to the HBV vaccine are also at risk for diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DTwP) and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib). Field biological monitoring should be carried out regularly in resource-poor countries to check quality of the vaccine administered.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3364238 | PMC |
| http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0038153 | PLOS |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
The Recent Increase in Invasive Bacterial Infections: A Report From the National COVID Cohort Collaborative.
Pediatr Infect Dis J
October 2024
From the Section of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.
Background: When coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mitigation efforts waned, viral respiratory infections (VRIs) surged, potentially increasing the risk of postviral invasive bacterial infections (IBIs). We sought to evaluate the change in epidemiology and relationships between specific VRIs and IBIs [complicated pneumonia, complicated sinusitis and invasive group A streptococcus (iGAS)] over time using the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) dataset.
Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of all prospectively collected pediatric (<19 years old) and adult encounters at 58 N3C institutions, stratified by era: pre-pandemic (January 1, 2018, to February 28, 2020) versus pandemic (March 1, 2020, to June 1, 2023).
Smoking Prevention and Cessation Programs for Children and Adolescents Focusing on Parental Involvement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
J Adolesc Health
December 2024
Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
This study aims to determine the effect and equity outcomes of smoking prevention or smoking cessation interventions for children and adolescents involving parents. A systematic literature search was conducted between 24 November 2022 and 27 November 2023 in PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, ClinicalTrials.gov, EU Clinical Trials Register, and the WHO international clinical trials registry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntersections of Structural State-Level Racism and Neighborhood Deprivation on Nutrition and Obesity for Black Adolescents.
J Adolesc Health
December 2024
Graduate School of Education, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Purpose: Black adolescents in the United States face disproportionate poor nutrition and obesity risk due to racism. Intersections of larger structural contexts that pose differential access to Black adolescents' health resources, such as state-level racism and neighborhood-level disadvantage, may govern these risks. The purpose of this correlational study was to examine the associations between state-level racism, neighborhood disadvantage, and their intersection with nutrition and obesity for Black adolescents in a longitudinal study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCaregiver Willingness to Participate in Pediatric Clinical Research During COVID-19.
J Pediatr Health Care
December 2024
Introduction: Understanding caregiver willingness to participate in pediatric clinical research is needed. We examined caregiver perceptions of pediatric clinical research during COVID-19 and examined research attitudes and sociodemographic factors as predictors of willingness.
Methods: A cross-sectional telephone survey was administered to caregivers of children from August 2020 to April 2021.
Relative Frequency of Metachromatic Leukodystrophy in Egypt: A Reference Laboratory Report.
Front Biosci (Schol Ed)
December 2024
Biochemical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, 12622 Cairo, Egypt.
Background: Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is an autosomal recessive hereditary neurodegenerative disease caused by a deficiency in arylsulfatase A (ARSA) activity and belongs to the group of lysosomal storage diseases. A biochemical diagnosis of MLD is based on determining the residual ARSA activity in leukocytes, skin fibroblasts, and urine. This study documents our biochemical experience and estimates the relative frequency of MLD over 21 years (2001-2022).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!