A new approach for the determination of the attenuation limit of beer samples using the specific fingerprint region of middle-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy in combination with multiple regression by partial least-squares (PLS) was developed using an attenuated total reflectance (ATR) module. A specific spectral region between 1200 and 800 cm(-1) was identified as highly informative for the quantification of the limit of attenuation. The absorptions in this region are induced by vibrational bands of ethanol (1080, 1040, and 880 cm(-1)) and dissolved extract, in majority maltotriose (1160-1140 and 1040-980 cm(-1)). The multivariate calibration results in a root mean squared error of calibration (RMSEC) of 0.40% and a validation procedure with independent samples results in a root mean squared error of validation (RMSEV) of 0.50%. A repeatability test, concerning the precision of the developed MIR method as well as the reference method, was analyzed using Student's t test. The test has shown no significant difference between the two random samples.
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Drug Deliv Transl Res
January 2025
Kinimmune, Inc. St. Louis, 63141, Missouri, USA.
PD-L1/PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) are mainstream agents for cancer immunotherapy, but the prognosis is unsatisfactory in solid tumor patients lacking preexisting T-cell reactivity. Adjunct therapy strategies including the intratumoral administration of immunostimulants aim to address this limitation. CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), TLR9 agonists that can potentiate adaptive immunity, have been widely investigated to tackle PD-L1/PD-1 resistance, but clinical success has been hindered by inconsistent efficacy and immune-related toxicities caused by systemic exposure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNaunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
January 2025
Pharmacology Department, Medical and Clinical Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common systemic autoimmune inflammatory diseases, with a progressive etiology that results in serious complications and a higher chance of early death. Visfatin, an adipokine, is correlated with disease pathologic features and becomes a key biomarker and therapeutic target for RA. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of metformin (an antidiabetic drug with anti-inflammatory activities) and methotrexate (the first choice for disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in RA, with diverse adverse effects) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in female rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetab Brain Dis
January 2025
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21515, Egypt.
Exaggerated neuronal excitation by glutamate is a well-known cause of excitotoxicity, a key factor in numerous neurodegenerative disorders. This study examined the neurotoxic effect of monosodium glutamate (MSG) in the brain cortex of rats and focused on assessing the potential neuroprotective effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs). Four groups of adult male rats (n = 10) were assigned as follows; normal control, ω-3 PUFAs (400 mg/kg) alone, MSG (4 mg/g) alone, and MSG plus ω-3 PUFAs (4 mg/g MSG plus 400 mg/kg ω-3 PUFAs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatol Commun
February 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Background: Cell therapy demonstrates promising potential as a substitute therapeutic approach for liver cirrhosis. We have developed a strategy to effectively expand murine and human hepatocyte-derived liver progenitor-like cells (HepLPCs) in vitro. The primary objective of the present study was to apply HepLPCs to the treatment of liver cirrhosis and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms responsible for their therapeutic efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosurgery
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.
Background And Objectives: Understanding and managing seizure activity is crucial in neuro-oncology, especially for highly epileptogenic lesions like isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant gliomas. Advanced MRI techniques such as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) have been used to describe microstructural changes associated with epilepsy. However, their role in tumor-related epilepsy (TRE) remains unclear.
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