Introduction: Renal transplantation is an attractive alternative to haemodialysis for patients with renal failure. Preserving renal function after renal transplantation depends on rejection episodes and infections of the graft.
Purpose: To clarify the characteristics of acute pyelonephritis encountered in a population of kidney transplant patients and to discern risk factors occurring during the first year after transplantation.
Method: Data for all renal transplantations between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2007 came from a database. Patients were at least 18 years old. A retrospective analysis was done.
Results: One hundred and eighty-four patients were included in the study. The incidence of acute pyelonephritis was 10.9%. In our sample, there were significantly more women who experienced pyelonephritis (P=0.012). Patients who had grafts with at least one episode of acute pyelonephritis were significantly younger (P=0.013) than transplanted patients without a history of acute pyelonephritis (44.4±10.5 and 52.2±13.4 years, respectively).
Conclusion: Our study shows a lower incidence of pyelonephritis compared with the literature. Moreover, we found that young age and female gender were risk factors for developing this infection.
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