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Selected plant extracts and female fertility: role in the regulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis in normal and pathological conditions.
Reprod Fertil Dev
January 2025
CNRS, INRAE, Université de Tours, PRC, Nouzilly, France.
Female infertility, which affects 10-20% of couples worldwide, is a growing health concern in developing countries. It can be caused by multiple factors, including reproductive disorders, hormonal dysfunctions, congenital malformations and infections. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that plant extracts regulate gonadotropin-releasing hormone, kisspeptin, and gonadotropin expression and/or secretion at the hypothalamic-pituitary level and modulate somatic and germ cells, such as steroidogenesis, proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress at the ovarian level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOral contraceptives (OCs) are approved for use after onset of menarche, which is well before brain maturation is complete. OC use may induce biochemical changes in the brain, especially during the neurobiologically dynamic adolescent/young adult years. MicroRNA cargo in L1CAM-associated extracellular vesicles was measured from serum samples collected from young women using the miRCURY LNA miRNA Focus PCR Panel (Qiagen) and validated using quantitative PCR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlutamatergic Input from Arcuate Nucleus Kiss1 Neurons to Preoptic Kiss1 Neurons is Required for LH Surge in Female Mice.
Endocrinology
January 2025
Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Hypothalamic kisspeptin (Kiss1) neurons are vital for maintaining fertility in the mammal. In the female rodent, Kiss1 neurons populate the anteroventral periventricular/periventricular nuclei (Kiss1AVPV/PeN) and the arcuate nucleus (Kiss1ARH). Kiss1ARH neurons (a.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDistribution of the kisspeptin system and its relation with gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the hypothalamus.
Vitam Horm
January 2025
Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address:
Kisspeptin (KISS1), originally catalogued as metastin because of its capacity as a metastasis suppressor in human melanoma and breast cancer, is now recognized as the major puberty gatekeeper and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuroendocrine system modulator. It is a member of the family of RFamide-related peptides that also includes the neuropeptide FF group, the gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone, the prolactin-releasing peptide, and the 26RFa peptides. The KISS1 precursor peptide is processed into a family of peptides known as kisspeptins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMelatonin, modulation of hypothalamic activity, and reproduction.
Vitam Horm
January 2025
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address:
Light is the most reliable environmental cue allowing animals to breed successfully when conditions are optimal. In seasonal breeders, photoperiod (length of daylight) information is sensed by the eyes and transmitted to the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the master clock region located in the hypothalamus. This structure has a 24-h firing rhythm involving a cycle of clock protein synthesis and degradation, and provides the timing to synchronize the synthesis and release of melatonin, the chemical signal that transduces the photoperiod information.
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