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Comparative functional analyses of the prostate-specific KLK3 enzyme in primates reveals the impact of sexual selection.
Evolution
January 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, United States.
Male reproductive proteins frequently evolve rapidly in animals, potentially due to adaptive evolution driven by sperm competition, polyspermy avoidance, or pathogen defense. Alternatively, elevated rates of protein change may be due to relaxed constraint. The prostate-specific protease KLK3 has experienced dynamic evolution since its origin stemming from a gene duplication in the ancestor of all Old World primates, with instances of rapid evolution, stasis, and pseudogenization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChiral Locomotion Transitions of an Active Gel and Their Chemomechanical Origin.
J Am Chem Soc
January 2025
College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
Transitions between chiral rotational locomotion modes occur in a variety of active individuals and populations, such as sidewinders, self-propelled chiral droplets, and dense bacterial suspensions. Despite recent progress in the study of active matter, general principles governing rotational chiral transition remain elusive. Here, we study, experimentally and theoretically, rotational locomotion and its chiral transition in a 2D polyacrylamide (PAAm)-based BZ gel driven by Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction-diffusion waves.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElevated Lipid Concentrations in Seminal Plasma Can Reduce Sperm Motility in Simmental Bulls.
Animals (Basel)
January 2025
College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
Sperm motility is a key factor influencing male fertility and is associated with metabolic and lipid profiles across species. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between sperm motility and the seminal plasma lipid profile in Simmental bulls, and to identify key lipids potentially influencing sperm motility. Semen samples were collected from 26 healthy Simmental bulls with an average age of 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) Concentration on Cryopreservation of Booroolong Frog Sperm with Evaluation of Post-Thaw Motility in Caffeine.
Vet Sci
January 2025
Taronga Institute of Science and Learning, Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Mosman, NSW 2088, Australia.
Reproductive technologies, including sperm cryopreservation, offer conservationists enhanced capacity to genetically manage populations and improve the outcomes of conservation breeding programs (CBPs). Despite this potential, the post-thaw quality of amphibian sperm is highly variable following cryopreservation, and research focused on protocol refinement is needed. The aim of this study was twofold: (1) to investigate the effect of the addition of bovine serum albumin (BSA) to the cryopreservation medium (pre-freeze), and (2) the effect of the addition of caffeine to the activation medium (post-thaw), on post-thaw sperm characteristics in the critically endangered Booroolong frog ().
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of resveratrol on post-thaw motility, kinematics, structural parameters and antioxidant/oxidant status of Kamori buck spermatozoa.
Cryobiology
January 2025
Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkiye.
Resveratrol is a polyphenol compound showing strong antioxidant properties. It is believed that semen cryopreservation causes significant sperm losses which eventually affects sperm quality. Improving antioxidant status of semen may reduce this damage and enhance sperm fertilizing potential.
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