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Introduction: The combination of a horseshoe kidney with a retrocaval ureter in one patient is extremely rare.

Presentation Of Case: A 12-year-old adolescent presented with the compliant of absent testis in the right scrotum since birth with incidental radiologic finding of horseshoe kidney with retrocaval ureter.

Clinical Findings And Investigations: Physical examination was unremarkable except for a left non-palpable testis.

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Introduction: Retrocaval ureter is a rare congenital anomaly that causes ureteral obstruction. Because of the rarity of retrocaval ureter, only a few cases of open, laparoscopic, or robot-assisted surgery have been reported. We herein report a case of retrocaval ureter that was successfully reconstructed with robot-assisted surgery.

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Renal vein entrapment, especially concerning the right renal vein, represents a scarcely explored anatomical aberration. The right renal vein's pivotal role in renovascular renal hemodynamics underlines the clinical significance of its compression, which can precipitate an elevated renal venous pressure gradient in relation to the inferior vena cava. This report delineates a unique instance of right renal vein entrapment in a 92-year-old male cadaver, identified during routine dissection.

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Retrocaval ureter presenting with hydronephrosis: A case report of rare entity in Nepal.

Radiol Case Rep

December 2024

Department of Radiodiagnosis, National Academy of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Hydronephrosis, characterized by the dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces, often results from obstructive uropathy, commonly due to ureterolithiasis. However, rare congenital anomalies, such as a retrocaval ureter (RCU)-where the ureter passes behind the inferior vena cava- can also cause hydronephrosis. This case report describes an 11-year-old male presenting with right-sided flank pain and hematuria.

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Retrocaval ureter is a rare congenital anomaly. It usually occurs on the right side and cases on the left side without accompanying conditions such as situs inversus or double inferior vena cava (IVC) are uncommon. Instances of left retrocaval ureter without situs inversus or double IVC are rarely reported in the literature, and there are no cases presented sonographically.

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