Lycopene attenuates oxidative stress and heart lysosomal damage in isoproterenol induced cardiotoxicity in rats: A biochemical study.

The present study was designed to investigate the cardioprotective potential of lycopene (LYC) on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced oxidative stress and heart lysosomal damage in rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats were pretreated with LYC (4mg/kg, p.o.) once daily for 21 days. After the treatment period, ISO (85mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously, once daily, to rats for 2 days. Hemodynamic parameters, cardiac marker enzymes, antioxidant, and oxidative stress parameters in serum and heart tissues were measured. ISO treated rats showed significant changes in heart rates, heart weights and serum lipid profiles. The activity of aspartate aminotranferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) were increased significantly (p<0.01) in the serum of ISO rats. The levels of lipid peroxides (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS), protein carbonyl content (PCC) and neutrophil infiltration marker; myeloperoxidase (MPO) were significantly (p<0.01) increased. In addition, the activities of lysosomal enzymes (beta-glucuronidase, beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase, and cathepsin-d) in the serum and heart of ISO rats were increased significantly. Furthermore, a marked decrease in the levels of serum and cardiac reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin C and cardiac enzymatic antioxidants; superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) were observed. In vitro study confirmed the strong antioxidant effect of LYC on total antioxidant activity. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that LYC supplementation to ISO rats significantly ameliorated lysosomal membrane damage as well as the alterations in cardiac enzymes, lipid profile and oxidative stress markers. These findings revealed the cardioprotective effects of LYC against ISO-induced oxidative stress and cardiotoxicity in rats. These observed effects are mediated via antioxidant power and free radical scavenging activity of LYC.