We use data from the Children of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 to document the degree to which childhood obesity varies among siblings. We find considerable differences in body weight between siblings with over half of the siblings differing by more than 20 age-specific percentiles in terms of the body mass index. Even among identical twins, there is an average BMI difference of 12 percentiles. This variation is important for the use of econometric approaches that involve sibling comparisons.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2012.04.013 | DOI Listing |
Am J Community Psychol
January 2025
Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, USA.
Prior research has assessed the ways in which neighborhoods promote or inhibit children's development but has paid less attention to delineating the particular processes through which neighborhoods are linked to child outcomes. This study combines geospatial data with survey data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Kindergarten Cohort of 2010-2011, a nationally representative sample of kindergarteners followed through 5th grade (N ~ 12,300), to explore how differences in neighborhood resources (parks and services) and stressors (crime and neighborhood disadvantage) are associated with variations in parental inputs-school involvement and provision of out-of-home enrichment activities. Using multilevel models assessing within- and between-family associations, we found mixed evidence concerning how neighborhood features are linked to parental inputs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
December 2024
Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, Department of Applied Statistics, Social Science, and Humanities, New York University, New York, NY 10003.
The identification of causal relationships between specific genes and social, behavioral, and health outcomes is challenging due to environmental confounding from population stratification and dynastic genetic effects. Existing methods to eliminate environmental confounding leverage random genetic variation resulting from recombination and require within-family dyadic genetic data (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Nephrol
October 2024
Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
J Hered
January 2025
Negaunee Institute for Plant Conservation Science and Action, Chicago Botanic Garden, Glencoe, IL, United States.
Anthropogenically fragmented populations may have reduced fitness due to loss of genetic diversity and inbreeding. The extent of such fitness losses due to fragmentation and potential gains from conservation actions are infrequently assessed together empirically. Controlled crosses within and among populations can identify whether populations are at risk of inbreeding depression and whether inter-population crossing alleviates fitness loss.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome Med
September 2024
Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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