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Corroborating written history with ancient DNA: The case of the Well-man described in an Old Norse .
iScience
November 2024
Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
The potential of ancient DNA analyses to provide independent sources of information about events in the historical record remains to be demonstrated. Here we apply palaeogenomic analysis to human remains excavated from a medieval well at the ruins of Sverresborg Castle in central Norway. In , the Old Norse of King Sverre Sigurdsson, one passage details a 1197-CE raid on the castle and mentions a dead man thrown into the well.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDid Michelangelo paint a young adult woman with breast cancer in "The Flood" (Sistine Chapel, Rome)?
Breast
December 2024
Laboratory Anthropology, Archaeology, Biology (LAAB), Paris-Saclay University, Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France. Electronic address:
The Flood is the first pictorial scene that Michelangelo Buonarroti painted on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican. On the right side of the fresco a woman with abnormal breast morphology is presented and the nature of her disease is considered using the Guidelines for Iconodiagnosis. A team of experts covering art history, art expertise, medicine, genetics, and pathology undertook the process and concluded that the pathology shown is probably breast cancer, most likely linked to the symbolic significance of an inevitable death as expressed in the Book of Genesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSedimentary biomarkers and bone specimens reveal a history of prehistoric occupation on Somerset Island (Arctic Canada).
Proc Biol Sci
July 2024
Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
Archaeological studies of pre-historic Arctic cultures are often limited to artefacts and architecture; such records may be incomplete and often do not provide a continuous record of past occupation. Here, we used lake sediment archives to supplement archaeological evidence to explore the history of Thule and Dorset populations on Somerset Island, Nunavut (Canada). We examined biomarkers in dated sediment cores from two ponds adjacent to abandoned Thule settlements (PaJs-3 and PaJs-13) and compared these to sediment cores from two ponds without past human occupation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCase report: Boundaries of oncological and traumatological medical care in ancient Egypt: new palaeopathological insights from two human skulls.
Front Med (Lausanne)
May 2024
Department of History (Prehistory Unit), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
The present case studies report malignant neoplastic and traumatic lesions observed on two ancient Egyptian skulls held at the Duckworth Collection (Cambridge University). The analysis aims to characterise the lesions and provide a diagnosis using a methodology based on micro-CT scanning and microscopic bone surface analysis. Results pointed towards neoplastic lesions in both cases and healed severe skull trauma in one of them suggesting successful traumatological therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA case of Multiple Myeloma from 19 century North America: Aligning the clinical and archaeological records.
Anthropol Anz
August 2024
Human Osteology Lab, Department of Earth & Environmental Systems, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN, 47809 USA.
The first archaeological case of multiple myeloma (MM) from historic period North America is presented. Only 49 cases of MM have been reported from archaeological contexts and recent reviews have alternately rejected either 24 of the cases or all 49 cases and found them all to more likely be cases of metastatic carcinoma (MC). The trend in the debate over the interpretation of these cancers is that MC is an ancient disease while MM is likely a disease of modernity.
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