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Purpose: Review the literature concerning adrenal insufficiency (AI) and adrenal crisis (AC) in adolescents and young adults.

Methods: Searches of PubMed identifying relevant reports up to March 2022.

Results: AI is rare disorder that requires lifelong glucocorticoid replacement therapy and is associated with substantial morbidity and occasional mortality among adolescents and young adults.

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Article Synopsis
  • This study investigates the long-term effects of complications related to cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) on mortality rates, focusing on both all-cause and cardiovascular deaths.
  • Conducted through the POINTED registry, the research monitored patients over several years, finding that early complications significantly reduce survival rates compared to later complications and overall freedom from complications.
  • The results indicate that all CIED-related complications increase the risk of cardiovascular mortality, with early complications raising the risk of all-cause mortality, emphasizing the need for improved management strategies to reduce these complications.
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In the last decade the field of cardiac pacing and electrophysiology underwent major advancements thanks to both new ways of arrhythmia management and technological innovations. At the same time, the clinical competence and the procedural qualitative level of Cardiac Rhythm Centers have increased significantly. In 2010 an ad hoc Committee of the Italian Association of Arrhythmology and Cardiac Pacing (AIAC) and the Italian Federation of Cardiology (FIC) published a consensus document on the organization of Cardiac Rhythm Centers and on the standards of professional practice in pacing and electrophysiology in Italy.

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Aims: Electrical storm (ES) is a condition defined as three or more episodes of ventricular fibrillation (VF) or ventricular tachycardia (VT) within 24 h, and usually coexist with advanced heart failure in patients with structural heart disease. The aim of the present study is to test whether cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) can be associated with a lower incidence of ES.

Methods And Results: The OBSERVO-ICD (NCT02735811) is a multicentre, retrospective registry, enrolling all consecutive patients undergoing ICD or CRT-D implantation from 2010 to 2012 in five Italian high-volume arrhythmia centres.

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Background: Electrical storm (ES) is defined as 3 or more episodes of ventricular fibrillation (VF) or ventricular tachycardia (VT) within 24 hours and is associated with increased cardiac and all-cause mortality.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to test whether aggressive implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) programming can be associated with ES.

Methods: The OBSERVational registry On long-term outcome of ICD patients (OBSERVO-ICD) is a multicenter, retrospective registry enrolling all consecutive patients undergoing ICD implantation from 2010 to 2012 in 5 Italian high-volume arrhythmia centers.

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