We describe an unusual presentation of geniculate ganglion venous malformation, a rare facial nerve lesion, emphasizing the importance of the differential diagnosis, imaging characteristics, and controversies in management. A child presented with moderate right-sided conductive hearing loss and a House-Brackmann grade I facial nerve function bilaterally. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a mass demonstrating features consistent with a geniculate ganglion venous malformation. To our knowledge, this is the first pediatric case of geniculate ganglion venous malformation presenting solely with conductive hearing loss. Proper management requires differentiating this condition from other geniculate and temporal bone lesions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.04.021 | DOI Listing |
Antioxidants (Basel)
December 2024
Ramon Castroviejo Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), with intraocular pressure (IOP) being its primary risk factor. Despite controlling IOP, the neurodegenerative process often continues. Therefore, substances with neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties could protect against RGC death.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomimetics (Basel)
December 2024
Institute of AI for Industries, Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing, 168, Tianquan Road, Nanjing 211135, China.
In this study, we designed a biomimetic artificial visual system (AVS) inspired by biological visual system that can process RGB images. Our approach begins by mimicking the photoreceptor cone cells to simulate the initial input processing followed by a learnable dendritic neuron model to replicate ganglion cells that integrate outputs from bipolar and horizontal cell simulations. To handle multi-channel integration, we utilize a nonlearnable dendritic neuron model to simulate the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), which consolidates outputs across color channels, an essential function in biological multi-channel processing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Ther
January 2025
Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK. Electronic address:
Optogenetic therapy is a promising vision restoration method where light sensitive opsins are introduced to the surviving inner retina following photoreceptor degeneration. The cell type targeted for opsin expression will likely influence the quality of restored vision. However, a like-for-like pre-clinical comparison of visual responses evoked following equivalent opsin expression in the two major targets, ON bipolar (ON BCs) or retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), is absent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Rep
January 2025
Center for Perceptual Systems, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA. Electronic address:
The visual system adapts to maintain sensitivity and selectivity over a large range of luminance intensities. One way that the retina maintains sensitivity across night and day is by switching between rod and cone photoreceptors, which alters the receptive fields and interneuronal correlations of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). While these adaptations allow the retina to transmit visual information to the brain across environmental conditions, the code used for that transmission varies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) typically respond to light stimulation over their spatially restricted receptive field. Using large-scale recordings in the mouse retina, we show that a subset of non- direction-selective (DS) RGCs exhibit asymmetric activity, selective to motion direction, in response to a stimulus crossing an area far beyond the classic receptive field. The extraclassical response arises via inputs from an asymmetric distal zone and is enhanced by desensitization mechanisms and an inherent DS component, creating a network of neurons responding to motion toward the optic disc.
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