Cutaneous leishmaniasis acquired by two Sri Lankan nationals while they were employed in Iraq and Northern Nigeria respectively constitutes examples of an imported disease related to the 'Middle East and African employment boom'. In both cases the diagnoses were confirmed by demonstrating the parasites in smears from the lesions and in tissue sections, and by culturing the parasites in vitro. Since leishmaniasis, neither visceral nor cutaneous is prevalent in Sri Lanka the risks of 'introduced' diseases is discussed here in the context of these two cases.
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