Poliovirus in fecal homogenates was used to determine the protection against inactivation by chlorination afforded virus that was occluded within particulates. Virus that was closely associated with or occluded within small fecal particulates was protected. A fourfold increase in combined residual chlorine was required to achieve the same degree of inactivation for occluded virus as for free or secondarily adsorbed virus. A combined chlorine residual of 6.6 mg/liter was necessary to achieve 50% inactivation in 15 min at pH 8.0 and 22 degrees C in a particulate suspension containing occluded virus compared to 1.4 mg/liter for free virus. These differences were found to be relatively small compared to differences due to the presence of dissolved organics or between free and combined chlorine residuals. The results suggest different mechanisms of protection due to adsorption and occlusion.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC243444 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.38.1.114-118.1979 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Replication kinetics, morphogenesis and interaction of shrimp parvovirus Penaeus stylirostris penstyldensovirus (PstDV1) in PmLyO-Sf9 cells.
Microb Pathog
February 2025
National Centre for Aquatic Animal Health, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, India. Electronic address:
Penaeus stylirostris penstyldensovirus (PstDV1) is one of the significant shrimp parvovirus which causes runt deformity syndrome in shrimps. In the current study, we attempted to elucidate the replication cycle of the virus in PmLyO-Sf9 cells. PstDV1 needs 4-5 h to complete replication in the cell line and release.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe majority of naturally elicited antibodies against the HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Env) are non-neutralizing (nnAbs) because they are unable to recognize the Env trimer in its native "closed" conformation. Nevertheless, it has been shown that nnAbs have the potential to eliminate HIV-1-infected cells by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) provided that Env is present on the cell surface in its "open" conformation. This is because most nnAbs recognize epitopes that become accessible only after Env interaction with CD4 and the exposure of epitopes that are normally occluded in the closed trimer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThree families of CD4-induced antibodies are associated with the capacity of plasma from people living with HIV to mediate ADCC in the presence of CD4-mimetics.
J Virol
October 2024
Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Unlabelled: CD4-mimetics (CD4mcs) are small molecule compounds that mimic the interaction of the CD4 receptor with HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Env). Env from primary viruses normally samples a "closed" conformation that occludes epitopes recognized by CD4-induced (CD4i) non-neutralizing antibodies (nnAbs). CD4mcs induce conformational changes on Env resulting in the exposure of these otherwise inaccessible epitopes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenomic analysis of hyperparasitic viruses associated with entomopoxviruses.
Virus Evol
July 2024
Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, 926 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
Polinton-like viruses (PLVs) are a diverse group of small integrative dsDNA viruses that infect diverse eukaryotic hosts. Many PLVs are hypothesized to parasitize viruses in the phylum for their own propagation and spread. Here, we analyze the genomes of novel PLVs associated with the occlusion bodies of entomopoxvirus (EPV) infections of two separate lepidopteran hosts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFModeling Alternative Conformational States of Pseudo-Symmetric Solute Carrier Transporters using Methods from Deep Learning.
bioRxiv
December 2024
Dept. of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, 12180 USA.
The Solute Carrier (SLC) superfamily of integral membrane proteins function to transport a wide array of small molecules across plasma and organelle membranes. SLC proteins also function as important drug transporters and as viral receptors. Despite being classified as a single superfamily, SLC proteins do not share a single common fold classification; however, most belong to multi-pass transmembrane helical protein fold families.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!