Effect of temperature on the assembly of tight junctions and on the mobility of lipids in membranes of HT29 cells.

In the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line HT29, tight junctions can be induced by treatment with appropriate proteases or salt solutions. The temperature dependence of induced tight junction formation is characterized by a marked sigmoidal behavior. The different methods of induction used in this study were characterized by threshold temperatures ranging from 15 to 32 degrees C. Fluorescence photobleaching recovery measurements of the lateral diffusion of a fluorescent phospholipid probe in the cellular plasma membrane gave no evidence for a phase transition or for alteration in the organization of membrane lipids in lateral domains in the temperature range between 0 and 37 degrees C. Moreover, dynamic parameters of the probe in the plasma membrane did not change substantially on mild treatment with trypsin. Thus, the temperature dependence of tight junction formation is not dictated by the bulk properties of the cytoplasmic membrane lipids. The observed temperature dependence suggests that the assembly of tight junctions is a cooperative process, which may involve conformational rearrangement in a protein precursor subsequent to its proteolytic activation.