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Driver lines for studying associative learning in .
Elife
January 2025
Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, United States.
The mushroom body (MB) is the center for associative learning in insects. In , intersectional split-GAL4 drivers and electron microscopy (EM) connectomes have laid the foundation for precise interrogation of the MB neural circuits. However, investigation of many cell types upstream and downstream of the MB has been hindered due to lack of specific driver lines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuantifying the configurational complexity of biological systems in multivariate 'complexity space'.
J R Soc Interface
January 2025
Milner Centre for Evolution, Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AZ, UK.
An increasing number of evolutionary studies seek to quantify the morphological complexity of organisms, particularly those comprising serially homologous elements at different hierarchical levels of organization. Numerous operational frameworks have been proposed for doing this, but most focus on one or multiple conflated aspects of what is really a multidimensional concept. Here, we advocate the use of 'complexity spaces': multidimensional spaces defined by different vectors of complexity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Developmental Origin of Novel Complex Morphological Traits in Lepidoptera.
Annu Rev Entomol
January 2025
Department of Biology and Molecular Sciences Research Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Novel traits in the order Lepidoptera include prolegs in the abdomen of larvae, scales, and eyespot and band color patterns in the wings of adults. We review recent work that investigates the developmental origin and diversification of these four traits from a gene-regulatory network (GRN) perspective. While prolegs and eyespots appear to derive from distinct ancestral GRNs co-opted to novel body regions, scales derive from in situ modifications of a sensory bristle GRN.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMorphological and DNA analysis of pollen grains on butterfly individuals reveal their flower visitation history.
Naturwissenschaften
January 2025
Research Center for Integrative Evolutionary Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Hayama, Japan.
Many butterfly species are conspicuous flower visitors. However, understanding their flower visitation patterns in natural habitats remains challenging due to the difficulty of tracking individual butterflies. Therefore, we aimed at establishing a protocol to solve the problem using the Common five-ring butterfly, Ypthima argus (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFubiquitin ligase regulates dichotomous spermatogenesis in .
Front Cell Dev Biol
January 2025
Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Spermatogenesis in Lepidoptera holds significant importance due to its unique process of dichotomous spermatogenesis, yielding eupyrene and apyrene spermatozoa through a complex molecular mechanism. While E3 ubiquitin ligases are known to play vital roles in spermatogenesis across various processes, their functions in dichotomous spermatogenesis remain less known. We utilized the RNAi, biochemical and microscopic procedures to unravel the function of in dichotomous spermatogenesis of adult .
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