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Acute hemolytic crisis complicated with ischemic cardiac injury and methemoglobinaemia following ingestion of naphthalene: a case report.
J Med Case Rep
December 2024
Faculty of Healthcare Sciences, Eastern University of Sri Lanka, Chenkaladi, Sri Lanka.
Background: Naphthalene is an aromatic hydrocarbon that potentially produces methemoglobinaemia but rarely causes hemolysis, especially in children with underlying glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Although ingestion of a single moth ball by an older child may not be life threatening, it can be fatal if ingested by a toddler.
Case Presentation: A 2-year-old Singhalese boy developed acute severe hemolysis and methemoglobinaemia following ingestion of a mothball.
Exchange transfusion as a therapeutic modality for aniline dye-induced methaemoglobinaemia.
Natl Med J India
October 2024
Department of Medicine B.J. Medical College, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
Article Synopsis
- - Methaemoglobinaemia and Heinz-body haemolytic anaemia are serious but treatable effects of aniline poisoning, with management focusing on removing the poison and addressing methaemoglobinaemia.
- - Treatment for methaemoglobinaemia depends on the blood methaemoglobin levels; levels below 30% need only supplemental oxygen, while levels above require intravenous methylene blue, with close monitoring for complications.
- - In a successful case report, six patients were treated with methylene blue for methaemoglobinaemia after aniline poisoning, and two of those patients, who experienced further complications, also needed exchange transfusions.
A Multi-Center Retrospective Database Evaluation of Pediatric Subjects Diagnosed With Methemoglobinemia.
Clin Med Insights Pediatr
September 2024
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Hershey Children's Hospital, Hershey, PA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Methemoglobinemia is a rare condition in children, with a prevalence of only 0.0015% and a 30-day mortality rate of 6.1%.
- The study reviewed data from 98 children and found that those with higher methemoglobin levels (over 20%) received methylene blue treatment more frequently.
- There is a low rate of G6PD testing despite the risk it poses when administering methylene blue, indicating a need for improved clinician education regarding treatment and assessment of this disease.
De Novo Occurrence of Hb Chile [β28(B10) Leu→Met] in a Korean Boy with Methemoglobinemia.
Hemoglobin
September 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.
Article Synopsis
- Hemoglobin (Hb) Chile is a rare variant caused by a specific point mutation in the Hb β locus gene, leading to an amino acid change and inherited in an autosomal dominant way.
- A case study presented a 17-year-old male with symptoms like pale skin and cyanosis, who was found to have low oxygen saturation and elevated methemoglobin levels, indicating a health issue.
- Genetic testing revealed a new mutation related to Hb Chile that wasn't present in his parents, emphasizing the importance of checking for Hb gene mutations in patients with unexplained chronic methemoglobinemia, regardless of their family history.
Unmasking hemoglobin Köln: a rare cause of discrepancies between pulse oximetry and arterial oxygen saturation-a case report.
Front Med (Lausanne)
September 2024
Hematology Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Article Synopsis
- - Discrepancies between pulse oximetry and arterial oxygen saturation can complicate clinical assessments, often caused by factors like poor blood flow, skin color, movement, or specific blood conditions.
- - Unstable hemoglobin variants, such as hemoglobin Köln, are rare genetic mutations that can disrupt the normal structure and function of hemoglobin, affecting its ability to bind oxygen.
- - This case study highlights a 44-year-old Arabic woman diagnosed with hemoglobin Köln after extensive investigations revealed significant differences between her pulse oximetry readings and arterial oxygen saturation.
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