Objective: This article examines whether the social health gradients in diabetes, hypertension and obesity for men and women vary significantly across different age groups.
Methods: We use a pooled sample of German survey data from the years 2002 and 2006 with a total of 87,601 observations. We employ a varying Wagstaff index derived from the class of Gini-type concentration indices to estimate age-specific income-related health inequalities.
Results: We find significant health disadvantages among poor women in mid-age, but no significant age-specific income-related health inequalities among men. Some leveling of inequalities in diabetes is observed.
Conclusions: The results suggest that variations in age-specific inequalities are unlikely to be a purely artificial result of health-related selection into retirement or mortality.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00038-012-0368-7 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardio-Thoraco- Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Childhood obesity is a growing global concern due to its long-term health consequences. Yet, more research relying on multiple time-point BMI measurements is warranted to gain further insight into obesity's temporal trends. We aimed to identify BMI trajectories in children aged 2-10 years and evaluate their association with sociodemographic factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Perinatol
January 2025
Center for Advanced Research Training and Innovation, Center for Birth Defects Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
This study aimed to assess the strengths, limitations, opportunities, and threats presented by diabetes-in-pregnancy. We review the improvements in maternal and fetal mortality since the advent of insulin therapy, evaluate current health challenges, and identify opportunities for preventing increased mortality due to diabetes-in-pregnancy. Prior to 1922, women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) of childbearing age were discouraged from becoming pregnant as the maternal and fetal/neonatal mortality rates were extremely high.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Clin Diabetes Healthc
January 2025
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Background: The UK National Paediatric Diabetes Audit (NPDA) data reports disparities in Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels among children and young people (CYP) with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), with higher levels in those of Black ethnic background and lower socioeconomic status who have less access to technology. We investigate HbA1c differences in a T1D cohort with higher than national average technology uptake where > 60% come from an ethnic minority and/or socioeconomically deprived population.
Design & Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study investigating the influence of demographic factors, technology use, and socioeconomic status (SES) on glycaemic outcomes.
Int J Ment Health Nurs
February 2025
Merseycare NHS Foundation Trust, Prescot, UK.
This critical review paper examines the health inequalities faced by individuals with Severe Mental Illness (SMI) in the United Kingdom; highlighting the disproportionate burden of physical health conditions such as respiratory disorders, cardiac illnesses, diabetes and stroke amongst this population. These conditions contribute to a significantly higher rate of premature mortality in individuals with SMI, with two-thirds of these deaths deemed preventable. Despite the National Health Service (NHS) acknowledging the need to address these health inequalities, the mortality gap between those with and without SMI continues to widen.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open Ophthalmol
January 2025
Population Health Research Institute, City St George's, University of London, London, UK
Background/aims: To examine the association between sociodemographic characteristics and attendance at Hospital Eye Service (HES) referrals from the Diabetic Eye Screening Programme (DESP), in a large, ethnically diverse urban population.
Methods: Retrospective cohort study (4 January 2016-12 August 2019) of people with diabetic retinopathy (DR) referred from an English DESP to a tertiary referral eye hospital. We conducted a multivariable logistic regression with attendance as the primary outcome, controlling for age, sex, ethnicity, Index of Multiple Deprivation, best eye visual acuity and baseline DR grade.
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