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Neighborhood environment associations with cognitive function and structural brain measures in older African Americans.
BMC Med
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Background: Since older adults spend significant time in their neighborhood environment, environmental factors such as neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage, high racial segregation, low healthy food availability, low access to recreation, and minimal social engagement may have adverse effects on cognitive function and increase susceptibility to dementia. DNA methylation, which is associated with neighborhood characteristics as well as cognitive function and white matter hyperintensity (WMH), may act as a mediator between neighborhood characteristics and neurocognitive outcomes.
Methods: In this study, we examined whether DNA methylation in peripheral blood leukocytes mediates the relationship between neighborhood characteristics and cognitive function (N = 542) or WMH (N = 466) in older African American (AA) participants without preliminary evidence of dementia from the Genetic Epidemiology Network of Arteriopathy (GENOA).
Effects of Using Prompts During Parent-Child Shared Reading on the Language Development of Mildly Autistic Children.
J Autism Dev Disord
January 2025
Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
The use of literal prompts (LPs) and inferential prompts (IPs) in shared book reading (SBR) facilitates children's use of language and promotes their thinking and understanding about the stories discussed and beyond. Furthermore, SBR provides a platform for mildly autistic children to have multiple rounds of communication with educators. This study investigated the contribution of LPs and IPs on the language development and affective factors of language learning in mildly autistic children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Effect of Executive Function on Word Recognition: Comparison Between Native Chinese and Learners with Chinese as A Second Language (CSL).
J Psycholinguist Res
January 2025
Department of Chinese Language Studies, Centre for Research on Chinese Language and Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, N.T, Hong Kong.
Word recognition is a fundamental reading skill that relies on various linguistic and cognitive abilities. While executive functions (EF) have gained attention for their importance in developing literacy skills, their interaction with domain-specific skills in facilitating reading among different learner groups remains understudied. This study examines the relationship between EF, orthographic awareness, morphological awareness, and Chinese word recognition in 204 Chinese as a second language (CSL) students and 419 native Chinese primary students.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTumor metabolic regulators: key drivers of metabolic reprogramming and the promising targets in cancer therapy.
Mol Cancer
January 2025
Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
Metabolic reprogramming within the tumor microenvironment (TME) is a hallmark of cancer and a crucial determinant of tumor progression. Research indicates that various metabolic regulators form a metabolic network in the TME and interact with immune cells, coordinating the tumor immune response. Metabolic dysregulation creates an immunosuppressive TME, impairing the antitumor immune response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBibliometric Analysis of the Composition of Landmark Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Research.
Int J Cerebrovasc Dis Stroke
August 2024
Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery, & Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States.
Background: Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis (CVST) is a relatively rare type of stroke, accounting for less than 3% of all stroke cases, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in young females. However, when promptly diagnosed and treated, it can have favorable outcomes. Several knowledge gaps remain regarding pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of CVST, so critical assessment of past and present research could help close these gaps or establish targeted future research goals.
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