Despite its ubiquity in cosmetic circles and broad general awareness, a literature search of botulinum neurotoxin in JPRAS and BJPS yielded a mere 4 articles germane to cosmesis. A pair each detailing its application in masseteric hypertrophy(1,2) and the use of cryoanalgesia.(3,4) Given that botulinum neurotoxin A is the most commonly used cosmetic treatment, with American figures being most accurate,(5) a review of the background, development and scientific evidence would be perhaps useful, if not overdue, as Plastic Surgeons increasingly incorporate non-surgical interventions into their practices as part of a comprehensive facial rejuvenation strategy.
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Treatment Crossover Following Advanced Therapy for Overactive Bladder Syndrome.
Urogynecology (Phila)
February 2025
From the Departments of Gynecology and Obstetrics.
Importance: Patients deciding between advanced therapies for overactive bladder syndrome may be interested to know the likelihood of treatment crossover after sacral neuromodulation, intradetrusor OnabotulinumtoxinA, or percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation. Treatment crossover was defined as a switch from one advanced therapy to another.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the rate of treatment crossover after each advanced therapy for nonneurogenic overactive bladder syndrome.
Botulinum neurotoxins exploit host digestive proteases to boost their oral toxicity via activating OrfXs/P47.
Nat Struct Mol Biol
January 2025
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) rank among the most potent toxins and many of them are produced by bacteria carrying the orfX gene cluster that also encodes four nontoxic proteins (OrfX1, OrfX2, OrfX3 and P47). The orfX gene cluster is also found in the genomes of many non-BoNT-producing bacteria, often alongside genes encoding oral insecticidal toxins. However, the functions of these OrfXs and P47 remain elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOutlet type constipation in adult patients treated with type A botulinum toxin: a cohort study.
Int J Colorectal Dis
January 2025
Department of Surgery, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Crotone, 88900, Crotone, Italy.
Purpose: Chronic constipation is a common symptom. Constipation due to pelvic floor disorders remain a therapeutic challenge. Biofeedback therapy is considered as the first-choice treatment for pelvic floor disorders, whenever dedicated expertise is available.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInter-Domain interactions Slow BoNT/A's onset of action.
J Struct Biol
January 2025
Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Despite sharing ∼ 43 % sequence identity and structurally similar individual domains, botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) serotypes A and E have differences in their properties and domain positioning. BoNT/E has a faster onset of action than BoNT/A. This difference is proposed to be due to conformational differences between BoNT/E and the other BoNT serotypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDelayed Stevens-Johnson syndrome induced by combined administration of carbamazepine and botulinum toxin: A case report.
Medicine (Baltimore)
January 2025
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Rationale: Steven-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is characterized by severe illness, rapid progression, and high mortality rates, with the vast majority of cases induced by medications. Botulinum toxin, a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum, has not been reported in the literature as a causative agent of SJS.
Patient Concerns: A 56-year-old male patient, who underwent surgery for cerebral hemorrhage, developed widespread patchy annular papules following the injection of botulinum toxin into the masseter muscle.
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