NMR titration studies in acetonitrile-d(3)/DMSO-d(6) mixtures demonstrate that diindolylurea-based receptors can form complexes with the organophosphorus nerve agent soman in organic solution.
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Prophylaxis by a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor and the NMDA receptor antagonist treatment as combinatorial countermeasure against nerve agent poisoning in mice model.
Chem Biol Interact
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Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Military Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. Electronic address:
The current pharmacological pretreatment and medical treatment of nerve agent poisoning is an insufficiently addressed medical task. The prophylactic efficacy of a novel compound acting dually as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and NMDA receptor antagonist (K1959) and the therapeutic efficacy of a novel NMDA receptor antagonist (K2060) were evaluated in the NMRI mice model of nerve agent poisoning by tabun, soman and sarin. Their added value to the standard antidotal treatment (a combination of oxime reactivator and atropine) was also analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnalysis of Pz-1, a promising therapeutic for organophosphorus poisoning from rodent plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
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Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, South Dakota State University, Box 2202, Brookings, SD 57007, USA. Electronic address:
Organophosphorus (OP) pesticides (e.g., parathion) and nerve agents (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAge differences in organophosphorus nerve agent-induced seizure, blood brain barrier integrity, and neurodegeneration in midazolam-treated rats.
Exp Neurol
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Neuroscience Department, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense (USAMRICD), Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, United States of America. Electronic address:
Exposure to organophosphorus nerve agents irreversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase and may lead to cholinergic crisis and seizures. Although benzodiazepines are the standard of care after nerve agent-induced status epilepticus, when treatment is delayed for up to 30 min or more, refractory status epilepticus can develop. Adult male rodents are often utilized for evaluation of therapeutic efficacy against nerve agent exposure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSynergistic Acid-Base Action Leads to Ultrafast Decontamination of Nerve and Blister Agents by OH Intercalated Zr-Doped MgAl-LDH under Ambient Conditions.
Adv Mater
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Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China.
Developing materials capable of rapidly decontaminating nerve and blister agents directly under ambient conditions are crucial for practical applications. In this work, MgAl Zr-LDH with different Zr doping contents and corresponding OH intercalated materials MgAl Zr-LDH-OH are synthesized. First, they are used for the decontamination of nerve agents under ambient conditions, showing that increasing the Zr doping amount accelerates the decontamination rate of diethyl cyanophosphonate (DECP) and soman (GD), with the half-life of DECP and GD being 3-5 times shorter with MgAlZr-LDH (the highest Zr doping content) compared to MgAl-LDH.
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November 2024
Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, PR China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Nerve and blister agents are dangerous chemicals that pose a significant risk, prompting the need for effective decontamination methods that work without solvents.
- Researchers developed layered double hydroxides (ZnAlZr-LDH) with different levels of zirconium (Zr) to evaluate their ability to decontaminate these chemical agents in ambient conditions, finding that higher Zr content greatly improved effectiveness.
- The study reveals that ZnAlZr-LDH accelerates the breakdown of harmful agents like sarin and sulfur mustard simulants through a unique catalytic process, making it a promising candidate for practical and eco-friendly decontamination applications.
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