Background: An epidemic of type 4 dengue was raging in the Pacific from 2008 to 2010. During this period, several patients were hospitalized at the Hospital Centre of Tahiti for neurological disorders occurring during a dengue fever. These events are not the typical picture, which is represented by a flu-like syndrome and sometimes, in severe cases, a haemorrhagic syndrome or shock.
Method: We have established a review of the literature reporting the cases of dengue fever associated with neurological disorders with the terms "dengue" and "neurology". Despite the retrospective nature and incomplete data, we attempted to establish the epidemiological characteristics of these events, to give an order of frequency of these symptoms and the pathophysiological mechanisms involved.
Results: Among patients with neurological disorders occurring during a dengue fever, disorders of central nervous system are the most common. Among disorders of central nervous system, encephalopathy is by far the most encountered.
Conclusion: None of observed neurologic disorders presenting with specific manifestation, discussion of dengue as etiology in endemic areas or in return from endemic area is well-founded.
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