It has been debated whether human visual working memory is limited by the number of items or the precision with which they are represented. In the research reported here, we show that the precision of working memory can be flexibly and willfully controlled, but only if the number of retained items is low. Electroencephalographic recordings revealed that a neural marker for visual working memory (contralateral delay activity, or CDA) that is known to increase in amplitude with the number of retained items was also affected by the precision with which items were retained. However, willfully enhanced precision increased CDA amplitude only when the number of retained items was low. These results show that both the number and the (willfully controlled) precision of retained items constrain visual working memory: People can enhance the precision of their visual working memory, but only for a few items.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797611431988 | DOI Listing |
BMC Emerg Med
January 2025
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, 81936-13119, Iran.
Background: Moral intelligence is a significant and influential factor in the delivery of principled and high-quality care. This is because moral intelligence is the ability to recognize and be sensitive to moral issues, which contributes to the organization of appropriate behavior in the face of moral issues. This is particularly pertinent given that pre-hospital emergency medical services personnel (prehospital EMS personnel) frequently encounter stressful and tension-filled situations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Neuropsychol Child
January 2025
Luxembourg Centre for Educational Testing (LUCET), Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
This study explored the secondary use of Luxembourg's school monitoring tool for a large-scale screening of Cerebral Visual Impairment (CVI)-related difficulties. 44 items, with and without time constraint, were developed, and pretested among 959 children. All children subsequently participated in an individual evaluation of higher-level visual processing (HLVP) measures related with CVI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPatient Relat Outcome Meas
January 2025
Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA.
Introduction: The COVID-19 Symptoms Daily Diary (CSDD) is a patient-reported outcome measure designed to assess the severity of core COVID-19 symptoms in clinical trials. The preliminary version of the CSDD was developed based on regulatory guidance and the hallmark COVID-19 symptoms identified by the CDC. This study aimed to evaluate CSDD content validity, to determine whether it is fit for the purpose of supporting efficacy endpoints in clinical trials of treatments for COVID-19.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Physician Assist Educ
January 2025
Juan M. Salgado, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Kansas School of Medicine-Wichita, Wichita, Kansas. He was responsible for concept initiation, presenting the seminar and workshop, data collection and analysis, drafting the manuscript, and approval of the final manuscript.
Introduction: Physician assistants (PAs) should understand the implications and risks involved with airway management. Our study aimed to facilitate PA students' familiarity with airway management with instruction from anesthesiology residents. We assessed the students' knowledge of airway management both before and after a seminar to see if knowledge was retained.
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