Hyperglycemia with or without pre-existing diabetes mellitus, occurs frequently in the setting of acute coronary syndrome. Previous studies have demonstrated that hyperglycemia is highly prevalent and is associated with an increased risk of hospital complications and death. The underlying pathophysiology related an adverse clinical outcome to hyperglycemia is unclear, and it is uncertain whether increased serum glucose is simply a marker of adverse outcomes or their cause. Detrimental effects of hyperglycemia on the cardiovascular system are multiple. Glycemia control with insulin would prevent adverse outcomes. Numerous glucose-control protocols have been developed and tested proving to be safe and effective. In an initiative from the Emergency Council of the Argentine Society of Cardiology, local experts analyzed the management of hyperglycemia in acute coronary syndrome. The main objective of the prevent statement is to summarize the current state of knowledge on glycemic control, and to offer general recommendations regarding glucose management in the coronary care unit.
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