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Autoimmune Thyroid Disease and Pregnancy: The Interaction Between Genetics, Epigenetics and Environmental Factors.
J Clin Med
December 2024
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is the leading cause of thyroid dysfunction globally, characterized primarily by two distinct clinical manifestations: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD). The prevalence of AITD is approximately twice as high in women compared to men, with a particularly pronounced risk during the reproductive years. Pregnancy exerts profound effects on thyroid physiology and immune regulation due to hormonal fluctuations and immune adaptations aimed at fostering maternal-fetal tolerance, potentially triggering or exacerbating AITD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThyroid Autoimmunity: The Treatment of Hashimoto's Disease, or the Presence of Antithyroid Antibodies Alone, in Pregnancy.
Am J Reprod Immunol
January 2025
Placental Analytics, LLC, New Rochelle, New York, USA.
Problem: Hashimoto's disease is the commonest autoimmune disease of pregnancy. The presence of Anti-Thyroid antibodies (ATAs) alone [subclinical hypothyroidism] has also been shown to have adverse pregnancy effects. These can result in failure to conceive, recurrent miscarriages, anemia, preeclampsia, and abruption.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopmental delay and its associated factors among children of 9 months and of 18 months attending primary health facilities in an urban resettlement area of East Delhi.
J Family Med Prim Care
December 2024
Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Background: Early identification of developmental delay in children can help in making early intervention for its management. Routine developmental screening is not being practised in India due to lack of trained field workers, lack of awareness among parents and lack of feasible assessment screening tool. There is lack of studies that focuses on home environment provided to the children as it is associated with developmental delay.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfluence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and maternal vaccination status on neonatal outcome.
BMJ Paediatr Open
January 2025
Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany.
SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy can adversely affect maternal and neonatal health, although risks vary depending on the variant of concern (VOC). Omicron, although highly infectious, causes fewer maternal and neonatal complications than earlier VOC, so vaccination may be considered unnecessary in planned pregnancy. Using data from the CRONOS registry, we compared pregnancy outcomes according to VOC and vaccination status.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSingle-nucleus RNA sequencing reveals distinct pathophysiological trophoblast signatures in spontaneous preterm birth subtypes.
Cell Biosci
January 2025
New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, 10314, USA.
Spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) poses significant challenges, affecting neonatal health and neurodevelopmental outcomes worldwide. The specific effects of placental trophoblasts on the pathological development of sPTB subtypes-preterm premature rupture of fetal membranes (pPROM) and spontaneous preterm labor (sPTL)-are not fully understood, making it crucial to uncover these impacts for the development of effective therapeutic strategies. Using single-nucleus RNA sequencing, we investigated transcriptomic and cellular differences at the maternal-fetal interface in pPROM and sPTL placentas.
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