The scandium(III)-catalyzed enantioselective Hosomi-Sakurai allylation of isatins with various substituted allylic silanes is described. A catalyst loading as low as 0.05 mol % is utilized at room temperature to afford the 3-allyl-3-hydroxy-2-oxindoles in excellent yields and enantioselectivity up to 99% ee, including a demonstration of a gram-scale reaction. The effects of additives and varying silyl groups were explored to demonstrate the scope and application.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ol300496v | DOI Listing |
Chem Sci
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia Via Elce di Sotto, 8 06123 Perugia Italy
The majority of enantioselective organocatalytic reactions occur in apolar or weakly polar organic solvents. Nevertheless, the influence of solute-solvent van der Waals forces on the relative kinetics of competitive pathways remains poorly understood. In this study, we provide a first insight into the nature and strength of these interactions at the transition state level using advanced computational tools, shedding light into their influence on the selectivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElectrophoresis
January 2025
Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Computer simulation was utilized to characterize the electrophoretic processes occurring during the enantioselective capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) analysis of ketamine, norketamine, and hydroxynorketamine in a system with partial filling of the capillary with 19 mM (equals 5%) of highly sulfated γ-cyclodextrin (HS-γ-CD) and analyte detection on the cathodic side. Provided that the sample is applied without or with a small amount of the chiral selector, analytes become quickly focused and separated in the thereby formed HS-γ-CD gradient at the cathodic end of the sample compartment. This gradient broadens with time, remains stationary, and gradually reduces its span from the lower side due to diffusion such that analytes with high affinity to the anionic selector become released onto the other side of the focusing gradient where anionic migration and defocusing occur concomitantly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChirality
January 2025
Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
Chiral pesticides often undergo enantioselective degradation during food fermentation. In this study, the enantioselective fates of seven chiral pesticides during processing of wine and rice wine were investigated. The results revealed that R-metalaxyl, R-mefentrifluconazole and S-hexaconazole were preferentially degraded during wine processing with EF values of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChirality
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
Efficient enantioselective separation is a critical process in pharmaceutical and chemical industries for the production of chiral compounds. Herein, we developed a novel approach for the efficient enantioselective separation of primary amines using supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) with a commercially available SFC column, Cel1. The key factors of separation, including cosolvent ratios, total cosolvent percentages, and temperature, were systematically assessed in this study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chromatogr A
January 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608 Taiwan.
Despite having identical physicochemical properties, chiral molecules require effective separation techniques due to their distinct pharmacological effects. Polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases (CSPs) are widely used for chiral separations in liquid chromatography; however, the mechanisms of chiral recognition are not well understood. This research explored the adsorption, retention, and chiral recognition mechanisms of three amylose-based CSPs: Chiralpak ID, IF, and IG.
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