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Methodological standards for comparative effectiveness research: considerations for evidentiary review for medicare drug price negotiation.
Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res
January 2025
IQVIA, Durham, NC.
Introduction: The 2022 Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) is expected to result in lower drug prices for Medicare beneficiaries in the United States (US). The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) released the most recent draft guidance for the Medicare Drug Price Negotiation (DPN) program in May 2024.
Areas Covered: In August 2023, the list of 10 drugs selected for the DPN were published and the first round of negotiations are now complete.
Tetragonia tetragonioides extract prevented high-fat diet-induced obesity and changed hepatic and adipose transcriptomic signatures in C57BL/6J male mice.
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem
January 2025
Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea.
Obesity, often driven by high-fat diets (HFD), is a major global health issue, necessitating effective preventive measures. Tetragonia tetragonoides, a plant with known medicinal properties, has not been extensively studied for its effects on HFD-induced obesity and related genetic changes in mice. This study explores the impact of Tetragonia tetragonoides extract (TTE; 300 mg/kg) on obesity-related traits in C57BL/6J male mice, with a focus on transcriptomic changes in the liver and white adipose tissue (WAT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLate-onset diseases and patient education: additional considerations for polygenic risk score regulation.
J Med Ethics
January 2025
Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
In a recent article, Haining outline several ethical and regulatory considerations for polygenic risk scores (PRSs), which may expand current embryonic screening to include polygenic diseases and non-disease traits. I argue in this response that the authors overlook a few crucial issues that nations should address. For adult-onset diseases, regulations must not only account for predictive accuracy of PRSs but also establish the precise circumstances that warrant testing-such as a disease's severity and the average age at which symptoms manifest.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaternal obesity alters histone modifications mediated by the interaction between Ezh2 and Ampk, impairing neural differentiation in the developing embryonic brain cortex.
J Biol Chem
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE; Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE; ASPIRE Precision Medicine Research Institute Abu Dhabi (PMRI-AD), United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE. Electronic address:
Neurodevelopmental disorders have complex origins that manifest early during embryonic growth and are associated with intricate gene regulation dynamics. A perturbed metabolic environment such as hyperglycemia or dyslipidemia, particularly due to maternal obesity, poses a threat to the optimal development of the embryonic central nervous system. Accumulating evidence suggests that these metabolic irregularities during pregnancy may alter neurogenesis pathways, thereby predisposing the developing fetus to neurodevelopmental disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe regulatory role of integrin in gastric cancer tumor microenvironment and drug resistance.
Prog Biophys Mol Biol
January 2025
Center for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China. Electronic address:
Gastric cancer (GC) remains a significant global health burden due to its high aggressiveness, early metastasis, and poor prognosis. Despite advances in chemotherapy and targeted therapies, drug resistance remains a major obstacle to improving patient outcomes. Integrins, a family of transmembrane receptors, play a pivotal role in mediating tumor growth, invasion, and drug resistance by interacting with the tumor microenvironment (TME) and regulating signaling pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, FAK, and MAPK.
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