Double membrane low density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis (thermofiltration) was applied to treat six hyperlipidaemic patients and five controls 14 and 5 times, respectively, and post-treatment plasma LDL cholesterol (LDLc) concentration rebound was measured. To simulate the rebound, a nonlinear model (NLM) was developed. It consists of two compartments representing plasma and liver. LDLc uptake by the liver is described by receptor-independent and by receptor-mediated transport as controlled by the liver cholesterol concentration. NLM analysis of patient data resulted in pre-treatment fractional catabolic rate (FCR) for LDLc of 0.19 day-1 and the maximum FCR for LDLc of 0.26 day-1 on the 4th day. NLM showed that in patients and controls the post-treatment LDL synthesis rate rose by 6% to 15%. The steady-state (kinetic) version of this model was used to develop a formula describing the relationship between the FCR for LDLc and blood plasma LDLc concentration which agrees well with published data.
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